Drugs in Lebanon - 2777 Words

It is true that the latest reviews of Lebanon, such as â€Å"Number 1 destination for 2009 (In New York Times’ 44 places to go), or one of the top 10 liveliest cities (by Lonely Planet) spring pride and joy in the hearts of the Lebanese, but they do not do much to dissipate the constant looming underlying concerns of the reality of the Lebanese citizen. 15 years of horrifying war, followed by 15 years of occupation, an unstable economic, political, social situation, an uncertain future, a corrupt system, little growth opportunity, and no stability to speak of, have engendered a disillusioned and scared generation, brought up by tragedy stricken, troubled, impatient, intolerant parents largely dependant on neurological drugs. Not†¦show more content†¦To report accurate numbers would be impossible, as no serious official study of the matter has ever been conducted. Some incomprehensive studies conducted by unofficial bodies, namely rehabilitation centers, and mainly in the region of Beirut alone show the following statistics: There are 10,000 to 15,000 estimated drug addicts in Lebanon, of which 2000 are female. This number could rise significantly if studies on other regions are conducted. 24% of prison inmates are drug users. Around 700 addicts receive treatment per year. A soaring 49% of all addicts fall in Beirut, with the other 51% divided amongst 6 other regions. Drug-related deaths are very underreported, and that for several reasons, mainly pertaining to the taboo nature of the issue, where families prefer to disguise the reason of death, when disclosing it might help other users. Average age for first time use has dropped dramatically from 28 years in 1996 to 17 in 2000, to 15 in 2009, with 60% between 14 and 19, to 22% between 20 and 24, to 9% between 25 and 29, to small portions after that. As for educational level, the highest rate falls within people who have reached complementary school with 31%, but this does not indicate that education prevents addiction, as lower levels like primary school and illiteracy together represent only 18% whereas higher levels like some or full university education represents 27%. Socio-economical status seems to be more defining, as medium class containsShow MoreRelatedPortrayal Of The Middle East1589 Words   |  7 Pagesrefugees. Given Hashem’s exile status he needed to find a way to sublimate his profound feelings of love and nostalgia for Lebanon and found his gateway in Zahra. Since Zahra was born and raised in Lebanon, she was for Hashem a living memory of everything he had left behind. For Hashem Zahra was not just a symbol of Lebanon, she was Lebanon. This almost uncontrollable love of Lebanon is what partially forced Hashem to become so physically attached to Zahra. When he relentlessly stared at her in the earlyRead MoreThe And Its Effects On The Young Adult Population Of Lebanon972 Words   |  4 Pagesto a better high. Weighed down by all the pressure and hype, I listened to them and snorted the drug. MDMA, or its generic term ‘Molly’, was not a common drug in Lebanon. It was hard to get your hands on and would lead to severe punishment if caught with the substance in possession. Surprisingly, the consequences were more dire culturally than they were legally. Contrary to many Western beliefs, Lebanon is a vibrant country filled with captivating history and culture. Nevertheless, many young LebaneseRead MoreIllegal Immigrants in Lebanon Essays1564 Words   |  7 Pages Although Lebanon does not consider itself to be a receiving country, it has been a destination or transit state for illegal immigrants from all around the world. The country hosts today around 1,5 million refugees, including 1 million Syrians, 400,000 Palestinians, 50,000 Iraqis, and other nationalities (Tabar, 2010; â€Å"UNCHR-Lebanon†, 2013). Lebanon fulfills most of the factors cited by Gordon Hanson to qualify a country as a successful destination for illegal migrants. These factors includes geographicRead MoreA Current View Of Shiite Terrorist Organization1494 Words   |  6 Pagesleaders, purpose, influences, financial su pport, associations and their impact to the world. Finally, this paper will present a current view of the Shiite terrorist organization Hezbollah. Hezbollah, a radical Shi’a Muslim group located in southern Lebanon was formed with the purpose of liberating Jerusalem through establishing an Islamic government across the Arab world as well as the group does not acknowledge the authority of the State of Israel. There are many names that Hezbollah has been referredRead MoreEssay on The Legacy of President Ronald Reagan1141 Words   |  5 PagesRonald Reagan was reflected upon the Iran-Contra affair, the fall of communism, and the impact of illegal drugs. The Iran-Contra affair jeopardized the very legacy of the president. Reagan was appraised for and credited for the fall of the Soviet Union and the end of the global threat of communism. Another form of threat to the legacy of Reagan and his administration was the threat of illegal drugs in the United States. Thus proving how much the 1980s was an era of both turmoil and triumph that couldRead MoreGlobal Health Needs to Provide Mental Care to Marginalized Population752 Wo rds   |  4 PagesThirty years ago, my parents escaped war-torn Lebanon as refugees. Having lived most of my life in California, the annual trips to Lebanon had a profound impact on me. In 2013, I traveled to Lebanon, this time as a graduate student researcher, to conduct a study on mental health that I hoped would help to improve the quality of life of those living in the Shatila refugee camp. During my study, I met 18-year-old refugee with symptoms and signs of depression. The experience brought home to me one ofRead MoreHezbollah Attacks935 Words   |  4 Pagesyears combating the war on drugs. They were credited with shutting down some of the most infamous drug cartels operating in both of these regions which include the Medellin and Cali Cartels. The HEZBOLLAH 15 agents of the DEA operates out of strategic places within the regions that offers them the means and abilities of classifying individuals of drug cartels who’re in all likelihoodRead MoreThe United States During The Cold War1422 Words   |  6 Pagesorganizations of the United States’ sponsorship seem to be headed into destructions in Iraq, Afghanistan or Lebanon. Iranians have expanded their impact through the Middle East and mainly in Lebanon by helping with the foundation of Hezbollah. The Iranian administration has taken part in direct kidnapping and slaying of hundreds of Americans starting with the U.S. Marine barrack attack in Lebanon in 1983. There were more than three thousand people died in the attack September 11, 2001 at United StatesRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Ethnic Identification Essay914 Words   |  4 Pagesexample is the Armenians in Lebanon. They have ritualized their history by transmitting their food habits and their mother tongue. In addition, individuals identify clearly with the heritage of the group through religious beliefs and social values. If their culture doesn’t allow a specific behavior, they stick to the tradition. In fact, Garnier and Stein (1998) found that adolescents who had a stronger commitment to traditional values were less likely to engage in drug use while those who were committedRead MoreThe Military Of The National Economy As Dubbed By The Pakistani Military Analyst Ayesha Siddiqa1499 Words   |  6 Pagesabout $23 billion (Lesch 2005: 185, 264 n. 22; King 2009: 141; US Embassy Dispatch 2006). Other activities would be that of the Defense Companies that were commanded by the late Ri’fat al-Assad that were involved in smuggling goods into and out of Lebanon, which even included narcotics and even despite the units dissolution after a failed coup, smuggling was still prevalent in the area until the forced withdrawal in 2005 (Drysdale 1985: 248). In examining all these activities it would not be hard

Media Representation Of The Body - 1510 Words

The 21st century is grappling in a constant battle with media representation of the body and the continuous depictions of it in provocative and sexualized styles blasted at young adult and child audiences. As a result, these kids are all being rapidly exposed to sex and images of what is considered ‘sexy’, which quickly becomes a norm for them. Thus, our civilization struggles to formulate controls and laws on these forms of media that, especially when it comes in tandem with the varied technological developments as newer and better forms of them are pumped out every second, distort the individuals of what provocative images can be distributed. It becomes even more difficult to form boundaries around things like sex or the sexualisation in this era, where sex is seen everywhere by these young audiences. As such the â€Å"understanding of childhood change[s] the cultural and legal fields as [the] conservative forces push for expanded definitions of childhood and increasing restrictions on children, while capitalist marketing sexualizes consumption practices† (Kleinhans 1) therefore there is this area of inactivity, where society does not know how to address teens engaging in sexual activities that are illegal by current standards. Thus, the inability to comprehend teens sexualisation and experimentation in a technologically advanced era, creates an inconsistency between laws and the understanding of them. To truly deal with the advancing child pornography scene, laws need to beShow MoreRelatedMedia s Representation Of Body Image1532 Words   |  7 PagesThe influence of the media on all aspect of society has spread l ike wildfire especially in the United States. One specific influence by the media is body image, large number of young women and girls look up to people in the media and are influenced by the way they look. Now days you’re appraised on your attractiveness, the way you look, the way you dress, and especially how thin you are. The media’s representation of body image has contributed to the social trend of an unhealthy lifestyle. WomenRead MoreRepresentation Of The Body Image And The Mass Media Essay3221 Words   |  13 PagesREPRESENTATION OF HOW MEDIA PROMOTE EXCERSISE IN NEW ZEALAND MEDIA AND HOW IT AFFECTS FEMALES Female Body Image and the Mass Media: Perspectives on How Women Internalize the Ideal Beauty Standard Representation of women in the media can change the way that the people of New Zealander’s think of themselves. Media has a powerful ability to reach many people and to influence and direct attitudes of our country’s behaviours and knowledge. In my essay I will explain these things and how they affectRead MoreRepresentation Of The Female Body Image And The Mass Media1586 Words   |  7 PagesREPRESENTATION OF HOW WOMEN PROMOTE EXCERSISE IN NEW ZEALAND MEDIA AND HOW IT AFFECTS FEMALES Female Body Image and the Mass Media: Perspectives on How Women Internalize the Ideal Beauty Standard Representation of women in the media can change the way that the people of New Zealander’s think of themselves. Media has a powerful ability to reach many people and to influence and direct attitudes of our country’s behaviours and knowledge. - Magazines (the representation of kiwi identity they create)Read MoreGender Bias - Mountains On The Playing Field Essay1279 Words   |  6 Pagesand about your country comes from the male perspective† (â€Å"Miss Representation†).That is according to NBC news anchor Carol Jenkins. This is an indirect example of sexism in our society. Sexism has changed since the 20th century. We’ve gone from women strictly being classified as housewives to women being discriminated against in leadership positions. Much of the discrimination that women face is closely related to issues surrounding body image. What we cannot forget in the year 2014 is who controlRead MoreGender And The Media By Rosalind Gill1596 Words   |  7 Pages Book Review of Gender and the Media by Rosalind Gill Gender and the Media by Rosalind Gill addresses gender stereotypes that are brought onto women and men through the media resulting in objectification and subjectification. Gill discusses how the representation of gender is altered as a result of the media in Western societies. Gender and the Media is aimed to address the rapid transmission of media and how those changes affect the construction of feminine and masculine gender roles in societyRead MoreSocial Construction And Its Impact On Society Essay1323 Words   |  6 Pagesis created throughout multiple sources and mediums. Thus, due to society’s rapid technological advancement, digital media is one of the primary sources for the creation of social constructions and is now considered the primary account regarding matters connected to mass media. However, it is essential to comprehend that, throughout mass media, individuals commonly referred to as â€Å"media gatekeepers† now present the collective societal groups i n an inaccurate depiction. Although these societal groupsRead MoreThe Sexuality Of Female Body961 Words   |  4 PagesFor decades, images of the ideal sexualized female body have plagued covers of magazines and other forms of published media in the United States, perpetuating notions of what the sexual female body should look like (Krassas, Blauwkamp and Wesselink 2001). These images of the sexualized female body are deeply embedded in advertisements and media, both of which hold strong roots in the United States, as well as other comparable countries in the developed world (Baker 2005). It is estimated, that theRead MoreTelevision Is A Popular Form Of Media Essay1613 Words   |  7 Pages Television is a popular form of media that permeates the lives of many. It is a staple form of popular culture, enjoyed as a form of escape and distraction from reality. Unlike other forms of media, television is significantly tied to its economic model. Television’s primary purpose is t o sell audiences to advertisers, meaning that the purpose of creating a program is to make a large audience who will be forced to watch advertisements during commercial breaks. Without such advertisements, stationsRead MoreWomen s Representation Of Women1676 Words   |  7 PagesIn a survey regarding body image, 69.3% of teenagers said they were not happy with their appearance, and 64% of women in there sixties said they were not happy with their appearance either. The difference between the two, however, is that the majority of the older women were ‘grateful’ about the way they look, while most teenagers described themselves as ‘self-conscious’ when it comes to their physical appearance (â€Å"How Women Feel About Their Looks†). These statistics prove that women of all agesRead MoreAre You Beach Body Ready?1232 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Are you beach body ready?† This is a slogan of a controversial advertisement in the UK with a slender, y et curvy woman in a bikini. Even though this commercial is for promoting diet products, the focal unrealistic, idealized female body image in a bikini and her seductive eyes make the most women ashamed of their body images. Sweney reported, the advertisement was a controversial issue due to a reason of women’s sexual objectification and banned in the UK eventually. Even though the advertisement

Implementing Change Free Essays

Implementing change in a department of organization can be difficult. Management must have a plan before implementing the change. The manager’s role and responsibility in implementing change within a department is very important. We will write a custom essay sample on Implementing Change or any similar topic only for you Order Now The manager’s role is to assess the change that needs to take place, come up with a plan to implement a change, implement the change, and evaluate the change in a timely order. To have a successful implementation of a new process, the manager must be involved in each step. The manager must keep the staff involved and let the staff know why the change is taking place and how it will affect the work process. The manager faces many challenges such as meeting the organizations goals and working with staff members who might resist the change. This paper will focus on the manager’s role and responsibility in implementing change, the way a manager should successfully handle staff resistance to change and define each step of the change process such as assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation. When there is a change in the work process within the department, the manager’s role and responsibility is to make sure the implementation of the changes takes place smoothly with the help of the staff. According to Sullivan Decker (2009), the manager must be able to communicate openly and honestly with the staff, support the staff if they are resisting the change, emphasize the positive outcomes from initiating change, find solutions to problems that are obstacles to change and accept the constancy of change. The manager must be able to identify the change, collect and analyze data, develop a plan, help the staff prepare for the change, prepare to handle resistance, provide feedback, and evaluate effectiveness of the change. The manager should involve the staff in the implementation of the new work process. According to Knoer (2011), communication is one of the most important tools that a leader must utilize to successfully implement. If the manager does not involve the staff, the staff might think their input is not important or their employment will be affected. This can lead to resistance from staff and have a negative affect in the department. The staff can give managers their input on what areas should be focused on and raise concerns that management might look over. By having the staff involved the manager can prevent them from resisting the change or have a better understanding of why the staff might be resisting and work on ways to lower the staff resistance. With change comes resistance. According to Fiedler (2010), resistance is considered to possibly have positive and/or negative impact on a change, and to be exerted by internal or external environments. The department manager must be able to successfully handle resistance from staff members. Some reasons why a staff member might resist the change is because he or she might not trust the manager, have a fear of failure, believe the change is unnecessary, staff may think if a certain change did not work in the past it will fail again, and the number one reason is the staff member might think he or she will lose their job. Resistance can also come in the form of poor work habits, not showing up to work on time, calling in sick, and lack of interest in the change. The department manager can manage resistance by talking to staff members who are opposed to the change. By talking to the staff, the manager will understand the staff’s concerns and clarify any misunderstanding. The manager must be willing to listen to the staff’s ideas but explain to the staff why the change needs to take place and the positive changes the implementation will bring to the department. The manager must keep open communication, support, and maintain trust of the resisting staff. A manager can be successful with resisting staff if he or she is flexible, confident, realistic, staying focused on the big picture, by combining ideas, energizing the resistors with interests, and solves problems. The change process should be taken in steps of assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The first step assessing the change requires collecting and analyzing important data. Assessing the department will help the manager learn what changes are needed, how to improve the quality of work, stay ahead of the competition, and how to approach the implementation. The plan is the second step and involves gathering the resources needed to implement the change. According to Lombardi Schermerhorn, â€Å"planning is the process of setting performance objectives and determining what actions should be taken to accomplish them† (p. 7). By having a plan management can prevents mistakes and accidents from happening, without a plan the new change can become a chaos. Employees will be doing what they think is right and this can cause many problems between the staff and management. When management has a plan employees know what is expected of them and know how to achieve the departm ents goals. The next step is to implement the change, where the plan is put into action. The manager has to make sure the staff has the resources needed for the change. If the staff needs to be trained they should receive all trainings before the implementation of the change. This can help the manager keep employees focused and energized. The last step is the evaluation of the change. In this step the manager will evaluate the new step after a set amount of time. The evaluation allows the manger to see how the change has affected the department, whether the change is working, and meeting the goals required in the plan. When implementing change, the manager must knows his or her roles, responsibilities, and how to approach the staff. The manager should not decide what changes needs to take place without assessing the departments needs. The manager must take into consideration how the new change will affect the employees work process, productivity of the department, the morale of the department. Employees concerns should be taken into consideration as well as the expectation of resistance from some employees. At each phase of the change the manager must refer to the plan and must be able to evaluate the change in a timely manner. Implementing change can be difficult but if the manager follows the change process they will be successful. How to cite Implementing Change, Papers

Fog Computing and Its Role in the IOT-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.What does the statement "the best interface for a system is no User Interface"? 2.Compare the bandwidth, distance, interference rating, cost and security of a) twisted pair cable, coaxial cable and fibre optic cable. 3.The three common ways to obtain information from IoT devices are sensors, RFID and Video tracking. 4.Discuss the Issues associated with security and privacy in the context of the Internet of Things. 5.budget time saved by redesigning the application to use the Publish. 6.Describe Nielson's Law. How does it relate to Moore's Law? What are the implications for the Internet of Thing? Answers: 1.This statement means that the interface complicates on the lives of individuals, rather than making them better. An example, lays out how we got to this app-obsessed point and how we could turn things and ensure that one is using the best tool for the job. This may or may not be an app on your smartphone (Atzori, Iera Morabito, 2010). Many companies as well as the designers are defaulting to using of the screens and the apps when they are actually making the task you are trying to achieve more difficult. Moreover, the statement could relate to the aspect that organization are fighting harder to keep the users in their ecosystem. This would be better on the company shareholders, but not on the users experience (Gubbi, Buyya, Marusic Palaniswami, 2013). The user experience should not be applicable to everything but rather an option on the table when individuals are solving problem. Individuals should focus more on something alluring other than the apps (Gubbi, Buyya, Marusic Palan iswami, 2013). The attitude of there is an app for everything has ruined the design. It is important to embrace on the actual situation, and not just what works on the screen. It is important to stop designing the interface rather than solving the user problems. 2.It is the lowest priced in addition to the most in-demand guided transmission medium. It comes with the two insulated copper wiring organized in the normal spiral patterns. The wire generally acts as the individual communication link. Over the longer ranges the cables could contain numerous pairs. When it comes to interferences the twisted cable are likely to reduce the cross talk between the adjacent pairs in the cable (Gubbi, Buyya, Marusic Palaniswami, 2013). The neighbouring cable have bundle which have distinct twist sizes to decrease on the crosstalk inference. On the long distance links, the twist length varies from 5 to 15 cm and the thickness of the wire is from 0.4 to 0.9mm. The transmission of the signal are required about every 5 to 6 km. Twist cables are categorized as follows: Category 3: This is a UTP cable along with the connected linking hardware whose transmission features are particular up to 16MHz. Category four is the UTP cable and associated connecting hardware whose signal function up to 20 MHz The last is category five that is a cable and associated connecting hardware transmission around 100MHz (Kopetz, 2011). Figure 1: Shows the untwisted and twisted pair Coaxial cable It is similar to the twisted pair consisting of two conductors, but it is constructed differently in order to permit it to operate over wide range of the frequencies. There are two types of coaxial cables which are the thinnet and thicknet. Thinnet is the flexible coaxial cable of around a quarter of an inch in thickness. It is used for short distances. Thicknet is thicker cable than the other. It is about half an inch in thickness can support the transmission of data over longer distances (Gubbi, Buyya, Marusic Palaniswami, 2013). The bandwidth of the coaxial cable is 10 Mbps. On the aspect of interference they are resistant to the effect of attenuation up to a certain length of up to 100 meters (Weber Weber, 2010). In terms of the cost it is more expensive than the twisted cable and less than the optical cable. Fibre optical cable These uses the optical fibers which hold the data signals in the form of the modulated pulses of the light. There are basically two types of fibres single mode fibre and Multi-Mode Fibre (Weber Weber, 2010). The single mode fibre utilizes the single ray of the light in carrying transmission over the lengthy ranges (Kopetz, 2011). Multi-Mode fibre employs the multiple rays of light simultaneously with every ray of light running to the numerous reflection angle to hold the transmission over short ranges .The multimode fiber optic could deliver the rates of data up to 1 Gbps. It operates on the wavelengths of 85p nm and 1300nm (Kopetz, 2011). When it comes to the bandwidth of 100 m or less the bandwidth is unlimited. The cost of this cable is higher than the rest. On the interference rating the rate is much lower than the coaxial and the twisted pair. 3.Sensors Advantages They have a high current capability They have a low cost They are resistant to harsh conditions They are very predictable Disadvantages They requires physical contact with the target There is the issue of the distance limitations There is the aspect of the environmental changes. Examples of the application are the level sensing, web brake and the level control sensors. RFID Advantage RFID technology is versatile in nature and thus smaller and the large RFID devices are available per application. The technology is used for the security and the attendance purpose. Are able to hold more data than the barcodes Disadvantages They have a high cost Some of the materials could create signal problem There is issue of the interference Applications This application has been used for the tracking of the language and monitoring health history of the patients when it comes to the hospitals (Kopetz, 2011). Video tracking There is a shorter matching time which is based on the good detection rate especially in the target detection. It addresses on the object tracking of in the motion, or the illumination as well as appearance change Disadvantages There are various hardware as well as special programs required to obtain and process the data. The capture system could have specific requirement for the space to which it is operated in. 4.In the IOT privacy issues there are as follows; one of them is too much data. The sheer amount of information which the IOT devices could generate is staggering. On the second issue is on the unwanted public profile, the organization could utilize the data collected which the consumers willingly offered to make employment decisions (Xia, Yang, Wang Vinel, 2012). There is also the issue of the eavesdropping where the manufactures or perhaps the hackers are able to use the connected devices virtually to invade on individual homes. When it comes to the security issues there is the public perception. In case the IOT will definitely take off there is certainly need to be the first issue which the manufacture might deal with. An additional concern is on the vulnerability to the hacking (Bonomi, Milito, Zhu Addepalli, 2012). The researchers have been capable of hack into the real, to the market devices with plenty of time and energy. An additional issues are on the true security aspect. Securing the IOT devices signifies more than one securing on the actual devices themselves. 5.Total time taken is 2+12+3= 17ms Changes after 1 s Therefore; 60ms is equivalent to 1 sec 17ms will equal how many seconds 17/60=0.28 Thus 1-0.28=0.72 s Time saved 0.72s 6.Nelsons law states that the high end users connection speed can grow up by fifty percent per year. This law of the broadband connectivity lags the Moore law of the computer processing for some strange reasons (Bonomi, Milito, Zhu Addepalli, 2012). The observation made by Nelson were based on the Moore law which often mentioned the observation to which the computer process can doable every eighteen months. His law relates to that of Moore law in that the observation which he did was based on the Moore law, which states the computer double in the capabilities in every eighteen months, which correspond to sixty percent of the annual growth. Moore law for the computer speed, the bandwidth grows at a slower than the computer power (Xia, Yang, Wang Vinel, 2012). The reason for the slow growth of the internet bandwidth is more of the business realities than the technological limitations. The implication of the internet of things is that there is wide spread of the adaptation of the IOT devices and other product which will use the same broadband connection, and the technology will be available for Nelsens law. References Atzori, L., Iera, A., Morabito, G. (2010). The internet of things: A survey. Computer networks,54(15), 2787-2805. Bonomi, F., Milito, R., Zhu, J., Addepalli, S. (2012, August). Fog computing and its role in the internet of things. In Proceedings of the first edition of the MCC workshop on Mobile cloud computing (pp. 13-16). ACM. Gubbi, J., Buyya, R., Marusic, S., Palaniswami, M. (2013). Internet of Things (IoT): A vision,architectural elements, and future directions. Future generation computer systems, 29(7), 1645-1660. Kopetz, H. (2011). Internet of things. In Real-time systems (pp. 307-323). Springer US. Weber, R. H., Weber, R. (2010). Internet of things (Vol. 12). New York, NY, USA:: Springer. Xia, F., Yang, L. T., Wang, L., Vinel, A. (2012). Internet of things. International Journal of Communication Systems, 25(9), 1101.

Anthem Novel essays

Anthem Novel essays The book Anthem is about a man, Equality 7-2521, living in a collective society. A collective society is a group on people that consider themselves as one. In a collective society there is no such thing as I because there are no individuals there is only the group. Everybody in that society thinks the same about everything and only does what is considered right by the head council. You were only alive to serve your brothers and no brother is better that the next. Throughout the book Equality 7-2521 is different, his train of thought and views are way ahead of his time and his fellow brothers. Equality 7-2521 believes that he is his own person and that he chooses the path his life will travel. He is the one who decides to go into the forest, he chooses to go into his secret tunnel, and he chose to show the council his light Whatever road I take, the guiding star is within me; the guiding star and the loadstone, which point the way. They point to in but one direction. They point to me. Pg. 95 Equality 7-2521 was only taught to think that one was nothing and the group was everything. He was also taught to believe that the council had the authority to control what he did, like where he worked. So to think of himself as the head person of his life, the person who makes the decisions shows his intelligence. He realized that even if the council or any other person said that he had to go do something didnt mean that he had to because he had the choice to do it or Equality 7-2521 thinks that you should treat everyone the same and that you must earn friendship. To him, his love is an honor and you cannot receive honor without doing something worth honoring. I an neither for nor friend to my brothers, but such as each of them shall deserve of me. And to earn my love, my brothers must do more than to have been born. I do not grant my love without reason...

The Vist

The Vist The night sky of Neton was a clear one. The deep blue,almost a black but well illuminated by the bright fullmoon, glistened with a pattern of twinkling stars. Thebackground light from Brisbane was almost nonexistent,a pleasant change of atmosphere that was rarely appreciatedby most.Except Jane. She loved the clear sky, the faint presence ofthe Milky Way as it wrapped itself across the near-endlessplane that was the sky She stood out on the balcony, staringinto the azure. Was there life out there? she wondered. Theuniverse is so huge, why not? Besides, with all the strangethings that happen in the world you'd think that there mightas well be aliens to make the group whole.A streak of light suddenly pierced the night's sky and left adazzling trail of cosmic dust behind it. Jane gasped in awe.A falling star.360Â ° panorama of Racetrack Playa in Death Valley ...The brightest she had seen! She quickly closedher eyes and made a wish, knowing that a wish from a falling starhad excellent ch ances of coming to pass. But the wish had to bestrongly formed in one's mind, or else it would dissipate with allthe other bits of wishful thinking that took place in the night.She tried to form an image, . She almost had it. She slowlyopened her eyes and visualized... Max. Standing at thedoor and was looking at her with an air of mild curiosity.'HEY Jane' he yelled! ' What the hell are you doing ?'Jane nearly fell backwards. He was no vision!That idiot was once again eavesdropping on her!'I WAS making a wish, you jerk!' she blurted out, 'You'vejust ruined it, though!''Making wishes ? Don't bother. No amount of wishingwill make you a better...

CROSS-CULTURAL NEGOTIATION RESEARCH PAPER Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

CROSS-CULTURAL NEGOTIATION - Research Paper Example They intend to discuss a joint venture in which the softwares provided by FEC will be integrated with the hardware of Zhang & Co and will be marketed globally. It should be noted, that I have been hired as a consultant only by Mr. Wang. All the recommendations mentioned in the consulting document are meant for my client only. Mr. Ansel or his team would not have any access to my document. I would like to express my gratitude for your consideration to seek my help in order to devise your negotiation strategy with your French counterpart Mr. Ansel. I have put in a lot of effort to ensure that this consulting document proves to be helpful for you in order to identify the differences and similarities which lie between French and Chinese negotiating styles. After reading the provided comprehensive view of both the cultures, which entails detailed analysis of business culture, communication styles, societal culture and many other important aspects, you would be able to identify and understand the key distinctions and would have a fair idea of Mr. Ansel’s negotiating strategy. After provision of this basic comprehension of differences, I have identified various potential challenges that you might have to face while your negotiating process. The problems have been identified and listed so that you are cautious and pre-notified of potential pitfalls and can respond to them efficiently during actual settings. Lastly, I have listed specific recommendations for you, so that you can build a long-term relationship with Mr. Ansel which would ultimately benefit your joint venture. Tan pan is the Chinese word for negotiation, and is a combination of character meaning â€Å"to judge† and â€Å"to discuss† (Neidel). Most of the Westerners are often advised to speak short sentences, wear conservative suits or to bring their own interpreters to ace negotiations with Chinese counterparts. These advises might prove to be handy to get a

Good and Evil - An analysis of the characters in Schiller's 'Die Essay

Good and Evil - An analysis of the characters in Schiller's 'Die Ruber' and Lessing's 'Emilia Galotti - Essay Example The subject of good and evil has been covered extensively by the world of theatre and literature where several eminent and noble minds have contributed immensely to the discussion and review of the issue. Several notable productions such as ‘Jackyll and Hyde’ and the Apollo Victoria Theatre in Australia have made an attempt to highlight a comparison between these two virtues. However, the subject has been a case for discussion since times immemorial and has become the subject of intense scrutiny in theatrical works over the past 300 years. German theatrical works have played an immense role in this area by helping produce some of the most magnificent works that deals with the good and the evil things in this world. Among them, the plays ‘Emilia Galotti’ by Lessing and ‘Die Rauber’ by Schiller have stood out in terms of their intricacy in projecting the subject that has worked wonders over the years in highlighting the issue. The current paper is an attempt at highlighting the same by discussing the subject in several perspectives of good and evil wherein each shall be discussed in separate sections. Lessing has always been one of the most famous playwrights in contemporary German literature. His 1771 play titled ‘Emilia Galotti’ has been the subject of intense scholarly debates for several centuries. There have been several interpretations of Emilia Galotti, which fall into three basic categories namely the traditional, scholarly association with the Roman legend of Virginia and as a father’s dilemma over securing and convincing the innocence of his daughter. There has been some opinion among a few scholars who view the play as a mere testimony of the struggle of the bourgeoisie (middle classes) against emancipation. However, the play is further very interesting to examine given that it provides a deeper insight

How the ideal Renaissance space continued to be used or was radically Essay

How the ideal Renaissance space continued to be used or was radically challenged in the following centuries - Essay Example Filippo Brunelleschi and Leon Battista Alberti later used linear perspective. Significance of expressions, postures and proportion increased. This approach of understanding and learning in art was said to be the 'humanist' approach. Humanism emphasized on the right of a man to reason out his beliefs and thereby, made it important for him to be an individual who realized his potential. There was a visible return to the state of naturalism. Such changes mainly took place in some parts of Europe, especially, Flanders and Italy. (Early renaissance art, 2008) The fall of Constantinople in 1453 also indirectly contributed to such changes in Italian architecture, literature and paintings. This event led to the migration of scholars to Rome. These scholars were interested in learning of their new environment, which led to their research about arts and art techniques prevalent there. They needed the intellectual knowledge, akin to ancient times. Filippo Brunelleschi made use of mathematical coordinates system rather than irrational forms and measurements. Leon Battista Alberti added to this approach, a method of using a wider social and urbane context, laying emphasis on walls rather than points in his buildings. (Early Renaissance Architecture, 2008) Next came the concept of Neo-Platonism. ... According to him, the beauty exists when all parts are in harmony, such that nothing can be added to or taken from it, without spoiling the whole. One of the famous Aristotelians was Leonardo da Vinci. High Renaissance generally started with the painting of The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci. Painting had a sort of decisive period in its style. This period was when there was a mass convergence of talent in the same area. The characteristics of the High Renaissance paintings were clearly seen in those of the Three Big Names of this period - Leonardo, Michelangelo, and Raphael. Although these geniuses deserve their fame every bit given, there were also many others with staggering talents. (Finearttouch, 2008) During this period, the Humanism concept was replaced by Mannerism. The importance given to perspective, balances and proportions earlier was then given to depicting expressions in art. Pontormo showed the troubled expressions clearly and another citation can be El Greco showing the intensities of emotions. This was definitely maturity over the serene faces and gestures of Piero della Francesca and the calm Virgins of Raphael. The pleasant mood in Giorgione and young Titian also reflect the above idea. In The Last Supper, Leonardo recreated the earlier traditional theme in a new style. Christ remained a nucleus of serenity while the others showed animated expressions and wonder about who was the traitor among them. This marked the start of Mannerism in paintings. The ever famous Mona Lisa also shows the ingenuity of this artist - the meaning of her mysterious smile still being unknown to us. Leonardo was the creator of what was known as the atmospheric perspective.

Is Astrology A Pseudoscience?

Is Astrology A Pseudoscience? In order to ascertain whether or not something is a pseudoscience or fake science, one must first know what pseudoscience is. Here, I am going to illustrate the many different points which distinguished philosophers such as Michael Radner, Densie Radner and Paul Thagard have made on what is a pseudoscience to evaluate astrology, which is the study of how the heavenly bodies such as the planets and the constellations affect us and instead offer that Astrology is simply not science, much like religion or poetry is not like science. Already, if one were to look up Astrology in a collection of online dictionaries, there will be definitions such as a pseudoscience claiming divination by the positions of the planets and sun and moon however wether the writer of such definitions knows why or how astrology is a pseudoscience remains a mystery, perhaps they, like the 192 scientists and 19 noble prize winners who signed the statement against astrology Bart Bok, Paul Kurtz and Lawrence Jerome, support it being a pseudoscience because it goes against their instincts and rational thinking which is really not enough evidence for anything to be classified as a pseudoscience. For example the three most important issues raised by the statement which was signed by these scientists proclaimed that: Astrology originated as part of a magical world view. However so did chemistry (it arose from alchemy) and doctors use to believe that the body was made of humours and today even honour the Hippocratic origins of medicine by still making the Hippocratic Oath. The planets are too distant for there to be any physical foundation for astrology. While the planets are distant, there are certainly ways distant objects can influence our lives. For example if the sun were to explode, that would certainly make an impact upon our daily lives. People believe in astrology out of longing for comfort. While some people believe astrology out of longing for comfort, so they too, believe in religion or the existence of gravity every time they jump so that one does not fear that whenever one jumps one may drift off into space and thus this does not define astrology as a pseudoscience. If there is anything to speak for astrology as a science it would be that astrology uses the scientific method. The scientific method as developed by many scientists like Einstein as well as well known philosophers such as Kuhn, Popper, Feyerabend and Lakatos consists of observation, hypothesis, experimentation and verification. As astrology focuses on observing the location of the sun and the planets as well as their effect on people, which is the basis of astrological charts and readings it clearly satisfies the first condition. When an astrologist makes a chart of someones birth and makes reading upon that of how their life will be like, that is a hypothesis. The subject living his or her life is the experiment and at the end of their life they can verify whether or not the reading came true. Verification is strongly focused on the results not falsifying the hypothesis but even for lack of that, does an experiment falsifying the hypothesis make it unscientific? High school chemist ry experiments were still science experiments even if the results were not what we expected to them to be. Thus we can say, yes astronomy does follow the scientific method, although through experiments such as one conducted by a French psychologist Michel Gauquelin, where he sent the horoscope of a criminal to roughly 150 people as their horoscope and 94% believed it fit them1, we can see that actual verification may be something difficult to achieve when it comes to astrology, most likely because of how vague and all encompassing the readings prove to be. To some of us, the fact that astrology doesnt make sense in that there are no physical forces in play from planets millions of miles away is enough to declare astrology a pseudoscience. However, as is pointed out by various astrologists, Einsteins theory of curved space seemed absurd until it was proven true and many similarly absurd proposals are still considered science. Philosophers through the ages have also debated (although mostly just agreed) that astronomy is a pseudoscience. One of the most famous demarcations of science is Karl Poppers theory of falsifiability; however astrology cant be classified be a pseudoscience using this. Thagard brought up the points very well in his article Why is astrology a pseudoscience that Popper himself said that no observation ever guarantees falsification because the hypotheses can always be changed and thus falsification can only be a category if a better theory is invented2. Thus although no hypotheses made by astrologists can convince them that astrology doesnt work, astrology can technically be replaced by a modern day Ptolemy- maybe the composition of the planets affect us instead of the gods that rule them or something and thus is falsifiable. Speaking of the gods however, therein lays one of the greatest weak points that show astrology as something that isnt very scientific. Science is the same through all languages, hydrogen is still an atom made of a proton no matter whether its name is in English or Chinese. The planets, named after Greek gods are not the same across languages yet names of things appear to be of the utmost importance to astrologers. Venus who is named after the goddess of love deals with the emotional side of things while Mars is the god of war and thus if youre born under the house of Mars you will be evil,  warlike and contentious because of [your] choleric nature3. Even more worrisome is that the 12 zodiac constellations arose from the Babylonians around the same time the Chinese and Hindus had 28 constellations. Furthermore, the names of the constellations appear to also affect people who are born when theyre in the sky, for example people that are born when the sun is in the quadrant of the sky where Aries the Ram is are supposed be aggressive and assertive like the animal itself. This leads us to the various marks of pseudoscience that D. and M. Radner have set out of which being able to satisfy any one of these conditions is considered to be unscientific4. Anachronistic Thinking Their first demarcation refers to reverting to age old theories that once held fruition in the past. Astrology is a fairly age old theory that was the origins of astronomy whereby in the past astrologers were also astronomers and observed the movements of the planets and the stars. As the correlations of the position of the planets and stars appear to have been passed down from the beginning of astrology from observations made on how the planets affect people from thousands of years B.C., this does seem to apply. Furthermore the moon and the sun are still considered planets in astrology and one would think if Astrology was kept up to date, that someone would have removed them from the equation. In comparison, in order to see the effects of drugs on people we have textbooks which would have new editions every few years to show new findings and remove findings that have been proven false. The main textbook of astrology is still Ptolemys  Tetrabiblos  which was written in 200 AD. In Thagards article Why astrology is a pseudoscience Thagard also proclaims that astrology is uncritical and unprogressive because it never tries to solve unsolved problems like what happens in natural disasters where people with many difference charts, star signs, houses all die in the same way2. Looking for mysteries While astrology does not appear to be deal with mysteries of human experience such as UFOs, there are many mysteries associated with something that is supposed to be scientific. If one were to look up the chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, one would find the same answer from any knowledgeable chemist. If one were to ask 10 different astrologers for their horoscope, one would find many different readings which opens the questions as to which reading is the correct reading. For example a collaboration of studies show that in a group of 559 astrologers when 5- 30 of them are asked to agree or disagree with a given reading of 762 different birth charts, most of them cant even agree that each chart means the same thing. Appeals to Myths Astrology does not actually appeal to myths, instead a quick browse of the Journal of Astrology website would show that it does appeal to old readings that have come true6, namely those made to estimate political outcomes and lives and deaths. However, absent on the site are indication of the numbers or examples of death predictions that have not come true. The grab-bag approach to evidence Astrology does appear to favour large amounts of evidence in that astrologers refer to how many readings in the past have come true (disregarding those that havent) and this method is helped along through the popularity of daily horoscopes in our newspapers whereby every horoscope can most likely correspond to every person. In fact the collaboration of 54 studies that have tested astrologers by giving them charts and telling them to match their owners showed that the average rate of success was the same as if you or I randomly matched them. Irrefutable Hypotheses While astrology is not irrefutable there are many ways and loopholes which allow it to never reach that point. For example, if a reading is wrong a) the person taking the reading could be deluding themselves and really are what the reading says b) the astrologer could have read it wrong c) The person lied about their location of birth and time d) this particular astrologer made it up but the next may make a true reading. The list of possible causes for already vague readings to be wrong that doesnt disprove astrology in any way can go on and on as there is no possible control to be tested (i.e. someone who isnt under the influence of the stars). It is because of the ease at which these wrong hypothesises can be explained and are explained that causes Popper to claim that astrology is irrational and Kuhn to claim it to be astrologys downfall when it comes to being a science as it means their results will never lead to any sort of further research or progression2,7. Argument from spurious similarity A mark of pseudoscience is that the pseudoscientific has a base of principles which are already part of legitimate science. Astrology definitely has a basis in astronomy however there was once a time where astronomy was based on astrology and the star charts and movements of planets used in astrology would coincide with those used in astronomy. Explanation by scenario Astrology uses its own laws to explain different readings and conclusions. For example Uranus is likely a cooling planet due to its modern rulership of Saturns traditional sign Aquarius . These rules and laws most likely originated from original scientific observations of the ecliptic rotations of the planets when it was believed that everything revolved around the earth (seeing as the moon and the sun were classified as planets) and then further built upon with various theories from the Gods they are named after, for example Jupiter is the chief of the gods and thus can rule over other gods. Research of Exegesis Astrologers are selective in their use of scientific research, they do not as many pseudo scientists do, which is to simply take science as statements instead of looking for the reasoning and facts beneath but they do not take into account all scientific research either. For example Michel Gauquelin in an experiment found that there is a greater than chance association of people who are born under Saturns rising or zenith to be scientists and that example may be used by astrologers as a scientific experiment that supports astrology. However, experiments looking at horoscopes of twins born in the same location and at the same time with drastically different futures lay hidden beneath the carpet. Refusal to revise in light of criticism This mark of pseudoscience is something that relates greatly to astrology. Because the Earth is not perfectly spherical, the axis of the earth tilts back and forth in a 26000 year cycles and due to this, the quadrants the constellations occupy in the sky no longer befit with that of when astrology charts were created thousands of years ago. This is called precession and is a problem that astrologers are yet to answer especially since they continue to make predictions as if the constellations still occupy the same part of the sky they use to. Furthermore with the invention of modern day hospitals and caesarean births that causes the time of birth to be different by many hours and sometimes preserves a baby that would have otherwise died, there presents lots of problems with something that is calculated from ones birth time. Apart from fore filling many of the marks of pseudoscience D. and M. Radner have listed, astrology is a topic that has been criticized by many philosophers. Diesing pointed out that astrologers do not collaborate with other scientists like many of the sciences do8, Feyerabend compared it to medieval astronomy whereby it had interesting ideas but they werent developed through any kind of proper research in order to understand how it worked9. Grey in a summarization points out that astrology has a lack of controls and has ill defined concepts that cant be refined and are hard to test10. Most of these philosophers seem to agree that while science is continuously being challenged by anomalies, new theories and results which allow it to progress; astronomy tends to reject these occurrences and thus becomes stagnant. Criticism for astrology does not only stop here even as far back as 44 BC there existed documented criticism against astrology and example of this would be the critique written by Marcus Tullius Cicero who was a Roman statesman. One of his best points was that people do not expect childrens personality or behaviours to be affected by the weather conditions in which they are born and these conditions obviously have by far more effects on a person than dim lights which shine in the sky. He continues that even if children born in the month of December were in some way to be similar how would one know it is not because they were born in cold weather as opposed to the sun rising while a constellation is in the sky11?   This was a very valid point at the time when it was written and thinking along the same lines creates a variety of problems which would be difficult for an astrologist to answer such as why doesnt the amount and gender of people in the immediate vicinity of the baby being born affect the babys personality instead of the stars. Conclusion While it is clear that astrology is a pseudoscience as described by many famous philosophers like Thagard, Kuhn and Feyerabend, I propose that astronomy ought to be classified as something that is not science as opposed to fake science. Because astrology was the origins of astronomy and thus is somewhat intimately connected with science and yet so obviously not scientific, there has been much debate as to its status. However, I would like to point out that it is the scientists who are concerned with the accuracy and effectiveness of the tests conducted on astrology and that, astrologists, while being dismissive of all negative results and findings are really more concerned with the satisfaction of those that seek their wisdom. Rather, astronomy is really more like a religion where people have faith in things that cannot be seen and is rather successful at making people feel connected to society. It provides a way for us to describe ourselves and realize qualities in ourselves and gen erally there are fairly little negative impacts in believing in something like astrology (apart from maybe an unhappy boy who you dont want to date because hes Aquarius). Even better, while it affords the same degree of actual use as a placebo, tests for the accuracy of astrology show as much or as little result as tests for the effectiveness of prayers and instead of having to pay weekly to fund the Church, all you have to do is get your chart made once and from then on, are able to blame the stars for your failings. As Leahey and Leahey said, astrology provides a means for pursuit of happiness and is in a way like a cheap method of psychology where you can discover yourself while letting the stars take the blame for any bad attributes you have and yet be comforted at the same time since there is no God to judge you at the end.

The Significance of Gender Roles in Shakespeares The Taming of the Shr

Gender roles are undeniably a fundamental topic of critique in literature, particularly since expected gender roles have evolved in recent years. More importantly, the transcendence of these gender expectations indicates the possibility for transformation and increasing liberation in society. History explores many different stages for the sexes and their respective roles, from traditional anti-feminist times in which certain roles were strictly enforced, to more modern beliefs entailing free will and a lack of restrictions. In spite of this progress, there are always those who expedite the process while there are others that hinder development from occurring, even when it is necessary. Literary works in particular serve as a showcase for the progression of gender roles, but nonetheless reveal that through time certain elements remain consistent. Two authors who wrote in radically different time periods, William Shakespeare and Lorraine Hansberry, wrote plays that pose a threat to expected and traditional gender roles. The Taming of the Shrew (1623) is an example of an earlier work, which involves characters that manage to defeat their expected roles by acting out of the ordinary. A shrew, which is literally defined as either a small rodent-like animal or a woman with a harsh and nagging temperament (American Heritage Dictionary 1285), is used in reference to Katherine, the daughter of Baptista, who counters the expectation of women to act submissive by being loud and outspoken. In the end, even though Katherine seems to have submitted herself to society’s expectation of women, she is really only conforming in order to benefit her social role, since she realizes that accepting her role in society will be easier than counteri... ...ple are cruel, she still has big dreams of going to Africa with Asagai and becoming a doctor. In their plays, Shakespeare and Hansberry share a common element, which seems to say that some things, such as society and its expectations, are timeless. Society sets up expectations that are accepted and preferable to other members of society, and Katherine and Beneatha serve not only to demonstrate this ideology but also to argue against it and draw attention to the perpetual gender expectation of society. Works Cited Hartwig, Joan. â€Å"Horses and Women in The Taming of the Shrew†. 45. 4. (1982:Autumn): 285- 294. Newman, Karen. â€Å"The Taming of the Shrew A Modern Perspective†. 229-238. â€Å"Shrew†. American Heritage Dictionary. 4th ed. 2002. Wilkerson, Margaret B. â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun: Anniversary of an American Classic†. 38.2. (1986: Dec): 441-453.

Mountains: A road to recreation

â€Å"Chasing angels or feeling demons, go to mountains† said by Jeffrey Rasley. The word recreation means refreshment of health or spirits by relaxation and enjoyment. In other sense refreshment of one’s mind and body. Pakistan is a God gifted land. There are many breathtaking landscapes present in it. The land of Pakistan is known as the land of adventures and nature. Beside, Murree, there are many hill stations and resorts such as in the places like Swat, Kalam , and Hunza Vellay. So, I agree with the statement that mountains are use for recreation. Firstly, for recreational purpose, mountains are use for hiking. Mountaineering was introduced in eighteen century by intellectuals such as scientists and philosophers. They climb on mountains for research purposes. At that time â€Å"Chamonix† which is located in France, became the attracting point for many hikers. Especially Mount Blanc, which had an elevation of about sixteen thousand feet. After half of the eighteen century, British hikers started to hike on Swiss mountains with their guides. These guides were from different countries such as from Switzerland, Italy, and France. After Alpes, in late nineteen century, hikers started to hike on Andes mountain ranges which are located in South America. By the advent of twentieth century, hikers came to hike Himalayas which are also located in Pakistan. In Himalayas ranges, the highest peak is K2 which has an elevation of about twenty eight thousand feet. Now in twenty first century, hiking become very common in our society. First of all, some people hike on mountain as for fun. But after words they chose mountain hiking as their profession. For instance Conrad Kein is one of them. Bachendri Pal who is first Indian women to climb on Mount Everast. She conquered Mount Everst peak on twenty third May, 1984. Secondly, for recreational purpose, people use to prefer mountainous areas for visiting. People also used to come on mountains for camping. In Pakistan, Swat valley is known as â€Å"Mini Switzerland†. Where everywhere, you will see greenry. This valley is also more fertile as compared to other northern areas of Pakistan. So, for attracting people, government has built different places for recreation, such as museum, golf course, and parks. Local people also made restaurants in hilly areas. In swat museum, you can see the things of second century BC. Especially, the crafts of Mauryan Emporer. In Murree , there is Ayubia park which is named after our first military dictator General Ayub Khan. In that park, there is chair lift, that’s why it is very famous. Thirdly, the people of plain areas used to go to mountainous areas for relaxing their selves. So, in Murree, you will hardly find any place in restaurants especially in summer vocations. In that period of three to four months, some hotel owners are not good enough because they charge more. So, in that response Kalam Hotel Association General Sectery Rahuet Din Siddique said in a statement that â€Å" his union would take action against those hotel owners who had been fleecing visitors by demanding high prices†. But this is the dilemma of our people that we always think that how to flatter others. Fourthly, in Pakistan, there are also worth seeing places such as Kashmir which is a mountainous area and is known as â€Å"Paradise†. The Great Mughal King Shah Jahan said â€Å"If there is heaven anywhere on earth that is the Kashmir†. So, he was the first to say it as a Heaven. Concordia is known as the ‘paradise of mountaineers’ which is present in north of Pakistan and is close to China boarder. Concordia is a chain of fourteen mountains and highest mountain is K2 which has an elevation of about eighty six hundred meter and is also known as world’s second highest mountain. The locals named K2 as â€Å"Choghori†. The name Concordia derived from the Latin word which means ‘harmony with the heart’. People used to visit in these places for recreation. Due to the poor securitization of Pakistan, people are scared to visit these places. In recent incidence in which eleven mountaineers are killed by terrorist. One mountaineer was left alive in the incidence. She said that she was not scared and she is full determined for expedition of Nanga Parbat. And she said in a statement that she will come next year. In response to that statement , the ACP President Col Manzoor Hussain said â€Å" we apologize to you that our government failed to protect the lives of your team members†. Although, the indigenous of mountainous areas are known for their hospitality. Visitors are welcomed by these people open heartedly. But due to security lapse, people are scared and they want protection from government. So, government should take action against terrorists. In short, mountaineering is very famous all over the world. People use to go on mountain areas throughout the whole year. In summer season, people go on mountains for recreation in order to see the beauty and nature. This time the temperature is moderate. In winter season, people use to go on mountainous areas for skating etc. But unfortunately, people are refused to go on these areas just because of poor security. As, Pakistan is fighting war on terror, so , people are scared to go. At last, if we go through the context of Pakistan, many tourist from all over the globe attract towards the scenic beauty of these mountain. K2 is famous in this regard.

After meeting Romeo at the ball Essays

After meeting Romeo at the ball Essays After meeting Romeo at the ball Essay After meeting Romeo at the ball Essay There was another street brawl this morning with us and the Montagues but this doesnt matter any more. Today was a wonderful day. The invites were sent for my fathers party.Romeo and his friends entered our party unnoticed by my family. I danced with Romeo and fell in love immediately but then my mother parted us and made me dance with Paris.I havent seen him since and am missing him already.Later in the evening, after the party had finished, I was talking quietly to myself wondering where my Romeo was, declaring my love for him. Then he appeared out of the trees, in the orchard, in front of me. We declared our love for each other, then I realised he was in great danger. If any of my kinsmen saw him they would have killed him on the spot. We arranged a secret marriage tomorrow in Friar Lawrences cell as Romeo is a Montague, my enemy.MONDAY Romeo killed Tybalt 1 Hour after our weddingI sent my nurse with a message to Romeo in the morning, saying we shall marry today. Our marriage too k place in the afternoon; now I can be with my Romeo for ever and ever.Tybalt saw Romeo, still angry from seeing him at the party and he tried to start a fight. Romeo said he could not hurt him but he could not say why. Brave Mercutio, Romeos best friend stood up to Tybalt and fought. Romeo tried to break up the fight but Tybalt stabbed Mercutio under Romeos arm. Romeo felt guilty and fought with Tybalt. Romeo killed Tybalt and then realised what hed done. He ran away into hiding. When the prince arrived, he banished Romeo from Verona forever.My Romeo killed my dear cousin Tybalt, but I know Romeo didnt want to, but had no choice. Tybalt can be like that some times. I dont know what to do; my husband has killed my cousin. I am relieved that Romeo is still alive. I dont know what I would have done if anything had a happened to my Romeo. I am horrified though my Romeo is banished from Verona for ever. It is worse than everyone I know being killed.I want to see my Romeo one final time and sure enough later that night he arrived. We spent the night together.TUESDAY I refused to marry ParisRomeo left at dawn. My mother paid me a visit and talked to me about marriage, I said Mother it is an honour I dream not of.My father entered and told me I was going to marry Paris and the wedding was in a few days. I completely refused and my father verbally assaulted me. He was furious and he threatened to abandon me.I looked to my mother, she took my fathers side and ignored me. My nurse was all for the wedding with Paris as well. I decided to pay Friar Lawrence a visit, as I was already married and I would be committing bigamy.Paris means nothing to me but Romeo means everything.TUESDAY Friar Lawrence gives me a solutionI went over to Friar Lawrences cell seeking advice and he gave me a solution to my problem.A special potion that would make me seem dead for the next 42 hours. The potion would stop me breathing and stop my pulse I would collapse and my body temperature woul d drop. My family would find me and think I was dead, the wedding with Paris would be cancelled and I would be rid of him and my family.Meanwhile, Friar Lawrence would send a message to my Romeo informing him of the situation. I would be buried in the family vault and Romeo would come back to Verona and we would run away when I woke up. We will be together for ever and no-one will know anything about it.Just before bed I will take the potion.But I am unsure about the potion What if it doesnt work? What if I never wake up? Im scared.

Lexeme - Definition, Etymology and Examples

Lexeme s In linguistics, a lexeme is the fundamental unit of the lexicon (or word stock) of a language. Also known as a  lexical unit,  lexical item,  or  lexical word. In corpus linguistics, lexemes are commonly referred to as lemmas. A lexeme is oftenbut not alwaysan individual word (a simple lexeme or dictionary word, as its sometimes called). A single dictionary word (for example, talk) may have a number of inflectional forms or grammatical variants (in this example, talks, talked, talking). A multiword (or composite) lexeme is a lexeme made up of more than one orthographic  word, such as a phrasal verb (e.g., speak up;  pull through), an open compound (fire engine;  couch potato), or an idiom (throw in the towel;  give up the ghost). The way in which a lexeme can be used in a sentence is determined by its word class or grammatical category. Etymology From the Greek, word, speech Examples and Observations A lexeme is a unit of lexical meaning, which exists regardless of any inflectional endings it may have or the number of words it may contain. Thus, fibrillate, rain cats and dogs, and come in are all lexemes, as are elephant, jog, cholesterol, happiness, put up with, face the music, and hundreds of thousands of other meaningful items in English. The headwords in a dictionary are all lexemes.(David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2003) Specifications of Lexemes [A] lexeme is a linguistic item defined  by the following specifications, which make up what is called the lexical entry for this item: its sound form and its spelling (for languages with a written standard);the grammatical category of  the lexeme (noun,  intransitive verb, adjective, etc.);its inherent grammatical properties (for some languages, e.g. gender);the set of grammatical forms it may take, in particular, irregular forms;its lexical meaning.These specifications apply to both simple and composite lexemes.(Sebastian Là ¶bner,  Understanding Semantics. Routledge, 2013) The Meanings of Lexemes Definitions are an attempt to characterize  the meaning or sense of a lexeme and to distinguish the meaning of the lexeme concerned from the meanings of other lexemes in the same semantic field, for example, the elephant from other large mammals. There is  a sense in which a definition characterizes the potential meaning of a lexeme; the meaning only becomes precise  as it is actualized in a context. Since the division of the meaning of a lexeme into senses is based on the variation of meaning perceived  in different contexts, a tension exists in lexicography between the recognition of separate senses and the potentiality of meaning found in definitions. This may well account in large part for the divergence  between  similar-sized dictionaries in the number of senses recorded and in consequent differences of definition.(Howard Jackson and  Ã¢â‚¬Å½Etienne Zà © Amvela,  Words, Meaning and Vocabulary: An Introduction to Modern English Lexicology, 2nd ed. Continuum, 200 5) Invariable and Variable Lexemes In many cases, it makes no difference whether we take a syntactic or a lexical perspective. Lexemes such as the and and are invariable, i.e., there is only one word corresponding to each. Also invariable are lexemes like efficiently: although more efficiently is in some respects like harder, it is not a single word, but a sequence of two, and hence efficiently and more efficiently are not forms of a single lexeme. Variable lexemes, by contrast, are those which have two or more forms. Where we need to make clear that we are considering an item as a lexeme, not a word, we will represent it in bold italics. Hard, for example, represents the lexeme which has hard and harderand also hardestas its forms. Similarly are and is, along with be, been, being, etc., are forms of the lexeme be. . . . A variable lexeme is thus a word-sized lexical item considered in abstraction from grammatical properties that vary depending on the syntactic construction in which it appears.(Rodney Huddleston and G eoffroy Pullum, The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge University Press, 2002) Pronunciation: LECK-seem

Strategic Marketing of The North Face Case Study

Strategic Marketing of The North Face - Case Study Example The company obtains a competitive position of the market and a strong band image. Its innovations and product development strategies support its further growth and open new market opportunities. When product life cycles are short (or consumers demands are changed) technological improvement becomes an essential requirement of company strategy. The aim of strategic marketing is to meet the needs and expectations of customers, and the organization's ability and capacity to satisfy them. For this matching process to take place successfully, a company must understand who is the customer and what value is required, and how best to deliver this value on a sustainable basis in line with the organization's overall corporate objectives. The North Face is one of the companies which develops unique strategies and marketing approach in order to compete on the market and increase sales. The North Face is a specialty retailer which 'designed, manufactured and sold high quality outdoor equipment and clothing" (Mezzatesta and Cook 743). The mission of the North Face is to reach wider target market and expend its activities to new markets. The strategic aim is a continuous growth and expansion into new products. High quality is used as a strategic weapon and the aim of The North Face is to maintain high quality standards at costs lower than competitors. The current objective of the company is to find the best way to distribute the new skiwear line. Also, the objective is to remain a market leader and strengthen its dealer structure around the world. 3.2. External Environment The North Face operates on the dynamic market where the main objective is to maintain successful marketing communication strategies, implement high product quality and develop strategies to improve customer relations and manufacturing. The purpose of the North Face is to get and keep a customer proposing high quality innovative products. Political-legal forces acting upon the North Face allocate power and provide constraining and protecting laws and regulations. The company does not influenced greatly by political and legal changes. In spite of the fact that the North Face is a US-based company, it is affected by international trade regulations and laws. Environmental changes suggest that the opening up of the market and the resultant increased competition has widened the perspective of the planning framework with profound implications. Thus, the main threat for the North Face is that its competitors begin to copy its products. The social environment includes general forces that do n ot directly touch on the short. Economic forces regulate the exchange of materials, money, energy, and information. This environment proposes great challenges for the North Fac

Othello by William Shakespeare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Othello by William Shakespeare - Essay Example Outdoors, the cool autumn New York City air was tinged for a moment with the melancholy sounds of Billy Holliday belting out her first-hand impression of the ever-present scourge of lynching in the Deep South; painfully echoing through the words of a song she named Strange Fruit. Set in northern Italy during the late sixteen century, William Shakespeare's tragedy has never been able to avoid its powerful racial imagery. Perhaps that is as it was meant to be. However today, in such a multi-cultural and yet arguably still a rather segregated society, it is often difficult for Americans to truly gage racial sensibilities across several centuries and such wide bodies of water. When have we ever been able to gage an honest understanding of the true nature of racism within our own society So it is, that the best that we may hope to do is to put notions of racial antagonism and identity within the proper context of a prominent European city immersed within the waning years of the Italian Renaissance. Watching from the very first scene, as Iago appears to speak somewhat disparagingly of him as - 'The Moor', and Roderigo mocks his 'thick lips', what are we to make of the contemporary at

RELIGION AND THEOLOGY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

RELIGION AND THEOLOGY - Essay Example The motive is to prepare people to lead and make disciples of leadership. This paper will discuss the five essential activities that Michael describes in the book. This will also entail describing how these five essential activities are implemented relative to the questions asked. This will also entail description of the principles that a leader should live by in order to accomplish the mission. The paper will then outline the lessons learnt regarding the leadership for discipleship subject to the author of the paper. The author will also include the impact of these lessons in relation to the leadership practices. Michael (2010, 23) states that a good theory is what promotes and develops good ideas, which can be, later translated into excellent practices in leadership. In his encounter with the youths and missionaries, he developed the five essential activities that should be implemented in order to answer the five questions asked by the youths. In order to answer the questions asked , Michael developed five questions that would help bring into light the questions the rest asked. The first question was relating to the Christian education. The consideration put forth was answering what Christian education entailed. ... The fifth question revolved around people who were involved in the education process. The roles of these people and their background information were the key concern. Michael, within a period of a year, had formulated the essential activities that answered the five questions2. Interview Questions The first activity was meant to answer the question of Christian education. The essential activity was to define what discipleship comprised of in relation to the scriptures. The third activity involved preparing a plan to aid in the teaching and learning process. This answered the third question. The fourth activity involved establishing a condusive environment to streamline the education. This answered the question regarding the context or what was to be included. The fifth activity involved developing a heart to serve people. This answered the question regarding the people3. These activities were implemented in a number of ways. A plan was developed to ensure all the five activities were implemented. The plan was phrased to the young reformers. The group targeted was the youths who were in their final years in high school. This encompassed age between 20 and 30. The reason for choosing this group was due to the thought that they were least reached. The sermons were taken not to function on them, and attending services was not their common doctrine. The introduction of literature evangelism was a major capture of the age group4. The mission skeleton or guideline adopted by Michael was laying consideration on the assignment itself and vision on how it will be implemented. The goals and objectives and strategy for going about it were considered. These were the core values that were to be observed in the course of implementing the plan. The young

Sports Essay On The Importance Of Health Essay Example for Free

Sports Essay On The Importance Of Health Essay For maximum realization of human potential, interplay between health, wellness, and fitness is essential. Health refers to a state of complete mental, physical, and social well-being, and not just in absence of infirmity or diseases. Wellness refers to condition of physical and mental health. Fitness refers to a quality that enables someone to carry out a certain role or task. The topic will be essential in exploring the importance carried by the interaction between health, wellness, and fitness in people. The paper will start by discussing health, its dimensions, and the factors influencing it. After health, wellness will be discussed in regards to the descriptions, the dimensions of wellness, and the factors influencing it. Physical fitness will also be discussed, and then lastly the value of having health, wellness, and physical fitness. Health Health, according to World Health Organization, refers to a state of complete mental, physical, and social well-being, and not just in absence of infirmity or diseases. The dimensions of health include physical, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, and social. I think physical health refers to the state the body is in regarding its compositions, functions, development, and maintenance. The intellectual dimension is the ability to come up with skills and knowledge essential in enhancing our life. The emotional dimension means one’s ability in accepting and coping with their situation, and the feelings of others. Social dimension refers to the ability in building and maintaining relationships that satisfy our needs naturally. This is vital because we are social beings. Spiritual dimension refers to our ability to search for the purpose, and meaning of life (MD-Health.com, 2013). Factors influencing our health include the economic and social environment, our individual behaviors and characteristics, and the physical environment. The economic factors affect our choices regarding health. The rich can easily access vital services that can help transform health status. Issues explored regarding the physical environment include clean water and air, healthy work environments, good roads, and safe houses with favorable  neighborhoods. The individual behaviors for instance social networks are associated with good health. The genetic aspect, as well as the gender aspect are associated with our making, and are essential in determining our health. Accessibility to health services also influences our health in the sense that information and services regarding our health are readily available (MD-Health.com, 2013). Wellness Wellness is defined as the condition or state of being in good mental and physical health. Every aspect of our wellness is affected by stress. The dimensions of wellness include social, spiritual, emotional, occupational, environmental, physical wellness, and intellectual well being. Social wellness refers to our ability in relating and connecting with the other people in our places. Emotional fulcrum is our ability to understand ourselves, and cope with challenges brought by life. Our ability to establish peace with ourselves is categorized as spiritual wellness. Recognizing our own responsibility regarding the quality of air, water, and land is entailed in environmental well being. Occupational wellness is our ability to get fulfillment from jobs or in the careers we choose. The ability to open our own minds to ideas that are new is inclusive in intellectual wellness. Physical wellness refers to our ability to maintain healthy quality of life that permits us to go on with our daily activities (University-of-California, 2012). Factors influencing wellness include the health habits, family history, environment, access to health services, attitude, and media and technology. Health habits for instance smoking can lead to heart disease. Our daily health choices affect our level of health. The family history plays a role in pre disposition to a wide variety of conditions that affect our wellness. Examples of these conditions include heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes. The physical environment refers to the things that we get exposed to in our work places, schools, and the general environment. They include air, radiation, water, sounds, crime, and recreational facilities. Our access to health services for instance vaccination, screening, and early treatment is essential in improving our quality of life. Our attitude, for instance optimism affects wellness by interacting with our decisions (University-of-California, 2012). Physical Fitness Physical fitness refers to being in good physical condition sometimes referred to as being in condition or in shape. The health related factors to physical fitness include muscular strength, muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurance, flexibly, and body composition. Muscular strength is the ability of our muscles to exert maximal force in a given motion range. Muscular endurance is the ability of muscles to exert sub maximal force through a certain range of motion, or at a certain point over a specified period of time. Cardiovascular endurance refers to the ability to go on with training of the system over a longer period of time. The ability of a joint to move through full motion range is called flexibility. Body composition is the ratio of lean mass of body to the fat body mass. The skills related factors to physical fitness include speed, agility, power, co ordination, balance, and reaction times (Hoeger Sharon, 2011). The Value of Having Health, Wellness, and Physical Fitness The interaction between health wellness is quite essential in our lives because of many benefits that encapsulate. They include reduced risk of premature death, reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, decrease in resting heart rate, regulation of normal blood pressure, decrease in body fat, increase in HDL and decrease in LDL, and reduced risk of diabetes. Other benefits we gain include joint stability, strengthened bones, increase in muscle mass, increase in resting metabolism, improved core strength, improved balance and coordination, improved body image and self-esteem, reduced depression, and stress management (Sharkey Gaskill, 2006). How to Maintain Your Body Healthy, Well and Fit It is of crucial importance that we maintain our bodies healthy, well, and fit. Measures in maintaining our bodies healthy, well, and fit include engagement in aerobic exercise daily. The exercises increase our stamina and heart health. Another measure is choosing nutritious foods that offer minerals, vitamins, and elements to the body for optimal running. Lifting weight also offers us a way of trimming fat, increasing muscle mass, and boosting the immune system. Reducing stress is also an important option in  shaping the health of our minds. Stress leads us to eat for comfort, overeat, sink onto depression, and avoid exercise. These attributes are not favorable to good health. It is vital for us to meet with friends or join community groups in order to maintain good health (Hoeger Sharon, 2011). For maximum realization of human potential, interplay between health, wellness, and fitness is essential. Several factors as explored here above are important in determining health, wellness, and fitness in our lives. There seems to be a closer relation between wellness and health, as well as the factors that affect the components. There is also an enormous value in maintaining fitness in regards to the health status attained. Stress needs to be avoided for attainment of highest level of wellness, health, and physical activity . http://collegepapersamples.com/essay-samples/the-importance-of-health-wellness-and-fitness

Transportation And Logistic Chain Management Essay

Transportation And Logistic Chain Management Essay Abstract Purpose: to introduce the issue of the transportation and logistics chains. Finding: outlines how the individual papers affect debate on the nature and development of transportation in the supply chain. Originality: provides a summary of the perspectives studied within the transportation in the supply chain. Introduction My research is on the transportation and logistics chains. Products are transported between different places in different stages within a supply chain. The transportation has a large impact on both responsiveness and efficiency. Faster transportation allows a supply chain to be more responsive but reduces its efficiency within a supply chain (Chopra Meindle, 2007, p.53). Transportation has a significant impact, because it controls the speed of response and reply as stated in Newtons third law of every action there is always opposed an equal reaction. An example of Amazon is a company that sells products on the internet and uses UPS or FedEx, which is a transportation company that delivers products to customers. This is an example of transportation within a supply chain. In logistic today wrote article for Rosenau transportation gains real time visibility to customers. This article about Rosenau found solution to assistance improve dispatch, routing and customer service to provide re al time visibility to its customers, and reducing operating costs by making more stops in fewer miles. They also focused on improving the information it provides to its customers on delivery, pickup status, at same time correcting the efficiency and productivity of dispatchers and costumer service reps. Shortly it will be executing an advanced route optimization solution to reduce the miles driven, and fuel used and thus reduce the carriers environmental impact. (Rosenau Transport Gains Real-Time, 2009) According to, Sreenivas and Srinivas, due to the trend of nationalization and globalization in recent decades, logistics has advanced greatly since the 1950s and is still growing in various areas. Logistics has improved industries by optimizing production and distribution processes based on new management techniques that enhance efficiency and capacity competitiveness of enterprises (Sreenivas Srinivas). All companies seeking to expand their businesses to contribute in advancing the growth of sales as well as improve the methods to include all customers in various geographical regions, both by the high population growth or moderate. However, globalization has changed everything so that the companies paid to spend more money on transportation to reduce the time to ensure the delivery of products to the consumer of course, besides compliance with new government regulations. A factor that has made these companies to improve performance is the technology information, transportation, and logistics solutions. They have contributed to the mobilization of the stock of companies to enable them to obtain goods shortly as well as the right of access to customers; also, the right place at the right time along with it is likely that you will get a sale and delivery while reducing costs and enhance its services to avoid delays and fines. All companies operating in this area and for global programs with logistics, which includes transport and logistics functions only on the implementation of orders from inception to delivery of this position to gain visibility at home and abroad for the supply chain as well as lower costs and improve customer service. That all these components to ensure the quality of the application must examine the following possibilities: Transportation planning, transportation procurement, route planning, transportation management, small parcel shipping, and international trade logistics (infor). The important point in a logistic chain is the transportation that connects the separated activities. Transportation is jointing between stages in the supply chain. In other words, it is the way to move product from manufacturing to the final consumers and vice versa. This research focused on: Development of logistic The role of transportation in supply chain Modes of transportation Transportation infrastructure and policies Discussions and conclusions Development of logistic Definition Part of the supply chain process that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods, services, and related information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers requirements. (Sreenivas Srinivas). In other words, the process connects all of the means of providing raw materials to, from the company, and to suppliers of transmission products. It depends more on the provision of logistics from raw materials to the network such as the transfer process, material handling from the beginning to the end of production and the sale, disposal of waste, and add customer to increase the competitiveness of the market. In general, the optimum utilization of investigative meet the demands of customers of any goods or services must provide the information to provide that service in addition to benefiting from the network to meet customer requirements in a timely manner. Either, Council of Logistics Management (1991) defined that logistics is part of the supply chain process that plans, implements, and controls the efficient, effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods, services, and related information between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers requirements. Johnson and Wood is definition (cited in Tilanus, 1997) uses five important key terms, which are logistics, inbound logistics, materials management, physical distribution, and supply-chain management, to interpret. Logistics describes the entire process of materials and products moving into, through, and out of firm. Inbound logistics covers the movement of material received from suppliers. Materials management describes the movement of materials and components within a firm. Physical distribution refers to the movement of goods outward from the end of the assembly line to the customer. Finally, supply-chain management is somewhat larger than logistics, and it links logistics more directly with the users total communications network and with the firms engineering staff (YUE, TSENG, TAYLOR, 2005) The role of transportation in supply chain I mentioned in the beginning of my papers the transportation is referring to the movement of any product from one location to another. Transport refers to the movement of products from one place to another and that the beginning of the supply chain in dealing with customers. Where is the new vision and wide in the work of transport, including supply chain management and logistics, and procurement. The cost of shipping and transport, for example, arrived in shipping and transport costs in the United States almost 6% of gross domestic product. Many manufacturers and retailers were able to use the state in managing the supply chain to reduce inventory and storage costs, with the possibility of delivery to the client quickly. Any successful supply chain linked to the use of a large and adequate transportation. For example, Wal-Mart has been used effectively respond to the transportation system to reduce overall costs. In developing countries, Wal-Mart is running across the docking, a process in the product that is exchanged between the trucks so that each truck to go to a retail store and product suppliers a different form. At the same time, the exponential growth in shipment from China to create opportunities for bottlenecks on both. That is where many leading companies that having invested in the purchase of large offices in China, India, and elsewhere. From this point shows that are two keys players in any means of transport that takes place within the supply chain. Shipper is the party, which requires the movement of product between two points in the supply chain. Carrier is the party who moves or transports the product. For example, when Dell uses UPS to ship the computers from the factory to the customer, Dell is the shipper and UPS is the carrier. Transportation in supply chain cost Chopra and Meindle stated for two kinds of transportation cost: Inbound transportation costs are the costs that included the bringing material into a facility. Outbound transportation costs are the costs that sending material out of a facility. The relationship between both is the outbound transportation cost per unit is higher than inbound costs because the inbound is typically larger. (Chopra Meindle, 2007,p78). They also mintioned increasing the number of facilities can decrease total transportation cost, which refer to the figure Modes of transportation The supply chains follow combination modes of transportation following: Air fright logistic (air) Airfreight logistics is very important in industries and services to complete the supply chain and functions. Where they provide with the speed of delivery, as well as a reduced risk of damage, security, flexibility and ease of access to good views of the ordinary, but the disadvantage is the high courier fees. Reynolds, Feighan (2001) and said air cargo logistics is selected when the value per unit weight and relatively high speed of delivery is an important factor. The properties of airfreight logistics in the following: (1) aircraft, airports and separated. Therefore, the industries only need to prepare aircraft for its operation. (2) it allows for faster delivery in long-haul destinations. (3) air freight transport is not affected by the terrain. The data indicate that the transport of goods in the market continues to grow. There is a view of the directions of global markets and logistics and air cargo also to change their services. Future directions for the development of airfreight, and integration with other transport modes, and the internationalization of the coalition, and the integration of the airlines and the pattern of the future of logistics, and air freight to cooperate with other modes of transport. Such as sea and land transport, to provide service on the base just in time, and transport from door to door. (YUE, TSENG, TAYLOR, 2005) Land logistic (truck, rail, water, and pipeline) Land logistics is considered very important in the logistics activities. They are providing services for air transport and maritime transport from airports and ports. Additional logistical capacity, the positive ground is the high-level access in the wild. The major means of transport logistics land transport by rail, road transport and pipeline transport. For rail transport to and comparative jeopardy of high endurance capacity, the less the impact of climatic conditions, and low power consumption, but that the disadvantages of high cost of basic facilities and the difficulty in the cost of maintenance, with the lack of flexibility of the pressing demands, and time-consuming in the organization of railroad cars. As for the transfer of land, he has the advantages of investment funds cheaper, and ease of access is high, and the mobility and availability. On the other hand, Disadvantages, low capacity, low and safety, and slow. The advantages of pipeline transportation of high capacity, less the impact of climatic conditions, and cheaper the process of drawing, and the continuation of the means of transport; disadvantages of costly infrastructure and the difficulty of control, goods, specialization, and needs regular maintenance. The excessive use of road transport also brings many problems, such as traffic congestion, pollution and traffic accidents. In the future, to improve road transport in the transport efficiency and reliability, a revolution in the field of transport policy and management is required, for example, pricing. (YUE, TSENG, TAYLOR, 2005) Package carriers Package carriers are transportation copmanies such as FedEx, The United States Postal Service (USPS), and the Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS), The package can be small because the backage cariers use air and should weight about 150 pounds, also package carriers are expensive and cannot compete with less than truckload carriers on price for large shipments. Thus, shippers use package carriers for small and time sensitive shipments. Package carriers also pickup the package from the source and deliver it to the destination site. With an increase in just in time (JIT) deliveries and focus on inventory reduction, demand for package carriers has grown. (Chopra Meindle, 2007. P389) For example, the goal of DHL is nothing less than to transform the logistics industry and to deliver beyond our customers expectations wherever and whenever they need us by offering the most comprehensive suite of services and becoming the only genuine one-stop source for logistics solutions, globally. The supply chain in package carrier for DHL express is the flow of goods, within information and finance. It starts by sourcing raw materials which content semi-finished goods, that are scheduled and transported into factories to be made into finished products (see Diagram up). Then pass through warehouses or distribution centres and are delivered to retailers, wholesalers or direct to consumers homes or business premises. Finally, aftermarket activities involve the maintenance and repair, or the return and recycling, of products at the end of their life. Supply chain planning optimises overall flows and inventories, by balancing resources with demand at all stages. (DHL) Transportation infrastructure and policies The transportation is infrastructure that means roads, seaports, airports, rail, and canal. All these exist along nodes and links of transportation network. All countries are taken responsibility a significant role in building and managing these infrastructure elements. The transportation and infrastructure focuses on operational and policy issues within transportation and infrastructure areas that affect logistics operations. Discussions How can quickly deliver products to consumers with a common consensus on the control operators? That the integration of logistics services and e-business is the current trend is currently in some companies. In order to obtain position that is more beneficial and building a complementary relationship, which is its reliance on networks and industries, such as Yahoo and E-Bay, and often cooperate with the logistics industry. Integration can reduce the middle-level procedures. For example, producers can immediately provide products to more customers of the station. To reduce costs by more efficiently. Besides, companies do not have to take inventory and warehouse costs only, and therefore it becomes a modern industry of the lower cost and more efficient division of specialization. For example, customers can obtain an order of goods shops. Through E-logistics, and the state of competition in industries could be promoted in the knowledge economy. Moreover, to promote business activities should include transport systems in various stages. The integration between different applications is to provide comfort through the promotion of the system of information flow and business processes. For consumers and businesses can make more efficient and easier than through the assistance of e-commerce and the Internet. With physical delivery, still rely on the transportation system to end processes. The cost of transport may be one-third of the cost of logistics. At the same time, transport systems and techniques required in almost every activity of logistics services. And therefore the reform of patterns of business for consideration in transport systems. Conclusion I have tried to cover papers on the part of the scope of logistics activities of transportation systems and attempts to determine the role of transport in transport systems and logistics. Knowing that is the most of the major contents of the research include a review of the development of logistics services, operations and personalities from different transport activities, logistics, and logistics applications in various fields, and logistics city, and the future direction in the development of logistics services, and cooperation with the transport regulations. To summarize, logistics, transport, and some importance in the supply chain must be. First, the transport system and supply have a more and more important in our society. Next, transport and transport systems, logistics and interrelationships that the needs of logistics management and transportation of the implementation of its activities at the same time, it can be to the success of the transport system and supply help to improve traffic and transport, environment and development. Third, as it contributes the highest transport costs among the relevant elements of logistics systems, and improve the efficiency of transport can alter the overall performance of the transportation system and supply. Final, play and transport an important role in the logistics system and activities appear in the various sections of logistics services. Without linking transportation and logistics, services cannot be a powerful strategy to bring its full play. Review of the Transport and Logistics in a broad sense may help to integrate the benefits of different applications of cases to overcome the disadvantages of the present. On the other hand, Review of the transport systems and provides a clear idea on the applications in transportation logistics. The development of logistics services will still be active in the following decades and logistics that can be applied in other areas.