Anthem Novel essays

Anthem Novel essays The book Anthem is about a man, Equality 7-2521, living in a collective society. A collective society is a group on people that consider themselves as one. In a collective society there is no such thing as I because there are no individuals there is only the group. Everybody in that society thinks the same about everything and only does what is considered right by the head council. You were only alive to serve your brothers and no brother is better that the next. Throughout the book Equality 7-2521 is different, his train of thought and views are way ahead of his time and his fellow brothers. Equality 7-2521 believes that he is his own person and that he chooses the path his life will travel. He is the one who decides to go into the forest, he chooses to go into his secret tunnel, and he chose to show the council his light Whatever road I take, the guiding star is within me; the guiding star and the loadstone, which point the way. They point to in but one direction. They point to me. Pg. 95 Equality 7-2521 was only taught to think that one was nothing and the group was everything. He was also taught to believe that the council had the authority to control what he did, like where he worked. So to think of himself as the head person of his life, the person who makes the decisions shows his intelligence. He realized that even if the council or any other person said that he had to go do something didnt mean that he had to because he had the choice to do it or Equality 7-2521 thinks that you should treat everyone the same and that you must earn friendship. To him, his love is an honor and you cannot receive honor without doing something worth honoring. I an neither for nor friend to my brothers, but such as each of them shall deserve of me. And to earn my love, my brothers must do more than to have been born. I do not grant my love without reason...

The Vist

The Vist The night sky of Neton was a clear one. The deep blue,almost a black but well illuminated by the bright fullmoon, glistened with a pattern of twinkling stars. Thebackground light from Brisbane was almost nonexistent,a pleasant change of atmosphere that was rarely appreciatedby most.Except Jane. She loved the clear sky, the faint presence ofthe Milky Way as it wrapped itself across the near-endlessplane that was the sky She stood out on the balcony, staringinto the azure. Was there life out there? she wondered. Theuniverse is so huge, why not? Besides, with all the strangethings that happen in the world you'd think that there mightas well be aliens to make the group whole.A streak of light suddenly pierced the night's sky and left adazzling trail of cosmic dust behind it. Jane gasped in awe.A falling star.360Â ° panorama of Racetrack Playa in Death Valley ...The brightest she had seen! She quickly closedher eyes and made a wish, knowing that a wish from a falling starhad excellent ch ances of coming to pass. But the wish had to bestrongly formed in one's mind, or else it would dissipate with allthe other bits of wishful thinking that took place in the night.She tried to form an image, . She almost had it. She slowlyopened her eyes and visualized... Max. Standing at thedoor and was looking at her with an air of mild curiosity.'HEY Jane' he yelled! ' What the hell are you doing ?'Jane nearly fell backwards. He was no vision!That idiot was once again eavesdropping on her!'I WAS making a wish, you jerk!' she blurted out, 'You'vejust ruined it, though!''Making wishes ? Don't bother. No amount of wishingwill make you a better...

CROSS-CULTURAL NEGOTIATION RESEARCH PAPER Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

CROSS-CULTURAL NEGOTIATION - Research Paper Example They intend to discuss a joint venture in which the softwares provided by FEC will be integrated with the hardware of Zhang & Co and will be marketed globally. It should be noted, that I have been hired as a consultant only by Mr. Wang. All the recommendations mentioned in the consulting document are meant for my client only. Mr. Ansel or his team would not have any access to my document. I would like to express my gratitude for your consideration to seek my help in order to devise your negotiation strategy with your French counterpart Mr. Ansel. I have put in a lot of effort to ensure that this consulting document proves to be helpful for you in order to identify the differences and similarities which lie between French and Chinese negotiating styles. After reading the provided comprehensive view of both the cultures, which entails detailed analysis of business culture, communication styles, societal culture and many other important aspects, you would be able to identify and understand the key distinctions and would have a fair idea of Mr. Ansel’s negotiating strategy. After provision of this basic comprehension of differences, I have identified various potential challenges that you might have to face while your negotiating process. The problems have been identified and listed so that you are cautious and pre-notified of potential pitfalls and can respond to them efficiently during actual settings. Lastly, I have listed specific recommendations for you, so that you can build a long-term relationship with Mr. Ansel which would ultimately benefit your joint venture. Tan pan is the Chinese word for negotiation, and is a combination of character meaning â€Å"to judge† and â€Å"to discuss† (Neidel). Most of the Westerners are often advised to speak short sentences, wear conservative suits or to bring their own interpreters to ace negotiations with Chinese counterparts. These advises might prove to be handy to get a

Good and Evil - An analysis of the characters in Schiller's 'Die Essay

Good and Evil - An analysis of the characters in Schiller's 'Die Ruber' and Lessing's 'Emilia Galotti - Essay Example The subject of good and evil has been covered extensively by the world of theatre and literature where several eminent and noble minds have contributed immensely to the discussion and review of the issue. Several notable productions such as ‘Jackyll and Hyde’ and the Apollo Victoria Theatre in Australia have made an attempt to highlight a comparison between these two virtues. However, the subject has been a case for discussion since times immemorial and has become the subject of intense scrutiny in theatrical works over the past 300 years. German theatrical works have played an immense role in this area by helping produce some of the most magnificent works that deals with the good and the evil things in this world. Among them, the plays ‘Emilia Galotti’ by Lessing and ‘Die Rauber’ by Schiller have stood out in terms of their intricacy in projecting the subject that has worked wonders over the years in highlighting the issue. The current paper is an attempt at highlighting the same by discussing the subject in several perspectives of good and evil wherein each shall be discussed in separate sections. Lessing has always been one of the most famous playwrights in contemporary German literature. His 1771 play titled ‘Emilia Galotti’ has been the subject of intense scholarly debates for several centuries. There have been several interpretations of Emilia Galotti, which fall into three basic categories namely the traditional, scholarly association with the Roman legend of Virginia and as a father’s dilemma over securing and convincing the innocence of his daughter. There has been some opinion among a few scholars who view the play as a mere testimony of the struggle of the bourgeoisie (middle classes) against emancipation. However, the play is further very interesting to examine given that it provides a deeper insight

How the ideal Renaissance space continued to be used or was radically Essay

How the ideal Renaissance space continued to be used or was radically challenged in the following centuries - Essay Example Filippo Brunelleschi and Leon Battista Alberti later used linear perspective. Significance of expressions, postures and proportion increased. This approach of understanding and learning in art was said to be the 'humanist' approach. Humanism emphasized on the right of a man to reason out his beliefs and thereby, made it important for him to be an individual who realized his potential. There was a visible return to the state of naturalism. Such changes mainly took place in some parts of Europe, especially, Flanders and Italy. (Early renaissance art, 2008) The fall of Constantinople in 1453 also indirectly contributed to such changes in Italian architecture, literature and paintings. This event led to the migration of scholars to Rome. These scholars were interested in learning of their new environment, which led to their research about arts and art techniques prevalent there. They needed the intellectual knowledge, akin to ancient times. Filippo Brunelleschi made use of mathematical coordinates system rather than irrational forms and measurements. Leon Battista Alberti added to this approach, a method of using a wider social and urbane context, laying emphasis on walls rather than points in his buildings. (Early Renaissance Architecture, 2008) Next came the concept of Neo-Platonism. ... According to him, the beauty exists when all parts are in harmony, such that nothing can be added to or taken from it, without spoiling the whole. One of the famous Aristotelians was Leonardo da Vinci. High Renaissance generally started with the painting of The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci. Painting had a sort of decisive period in its style. This period was when there was a mass convergence of talent in the same area. The characteristics of the High Renaissance paintings were clearly seen in those of the Three Big Names of this period - Leonardo, Michelangelo, and Raphael. Although these geniuses deserve their fame every bit given, there were also many others with staggering talents. (Finearttouch, 2008) During this period, the Humanism concept was replaced by Mannerism. The importance given to perspective, balances and proportions earlier was then given to depicting expressions in art. Pontormo showed the troubled expressions clearly and another citation can be El Greco showing the intensities of emotions. This was definitely maturity over the serene faces and gestures of Piero della Francesca and the calm Virgins of Raphael. The pleasant mood in Giorgione and young Titian also reflect the above idea. In The Last Supper, Leonardo recreated the earlier traditional theme in a new style. Christ remained a nucleus of serenity while the others showed animated expressions and wonder about who was the traitor among them. This marked the start of Mannerism in paintings. The ever famous Mona Lisa also shows the ingenuity of this artist - the meaning of her mysterious smile still being unknown to us. Leonardo was the creator of what was known as the atmospheric perspective.

Is Astrology A Pseudoscience?

Is Astrology A Pseudoscience? In order to ascertain whether or not something is a pseudoscience or fake science, one must first know what pseudoscience is. Here, I am going to illustrate the many different points which distinguished philosophers such as Michael Radner, Densie Radner and Paul Thagard have made on what is a pseudoscience to evaluate astrology, which is the study of how the heavenly bodies such as the planets and the constellations affect us and instead offer that Astrology is simply not science, much like religion or poetry is not like science. Already, if one were to look up Astrology in a collection of online dictionaries, there will be definitions such as a pseudoscience claiming divination by the positions of the planets and sun and moon however wether the writer of such definitions knows why or how astrology is a pseudoscience remains a mystery, perhaps they, like the 192 scientists and 19 noble prize winners who signed the statement against astrology Bart Bok, Paul Kurtz and Lawrence Jerome, support it being a pseudoscience because it goes against their instincts and rational thinking which is really not enough evidence for anything to be classified as a pseudoscience. For example the three most important issues raised by the statement which was signed by these scientists proclaimed that: Astrology originated as part of a magical world view. However so did chemistry (it arose from alchemy) and doctors use to believe that the body was made of humours and today even honour the Hippocratic origins of medicine by still making the Hippocratic Oath. The planets are too distant for there to be any physical foundation for astrology. While the planets are distant, there are certainly ways distant objects can influence our lives. For example if the sun were to explode, that would certainly make an impact upon our daily lives. People believe in astrology out of longing for comfort. While some people believe astrology out of longing for comfort, so they too, believe in religion or the existence of gravity every time they jump so that one does not fear that whenever one jumps one may drift off into space and thus this does not define astrology as a pseudoscience. If there is anything to speak for astrology as a science it would be that astrology uses the scientific method. The scientific method as developed by many scientists like Einstein as well as well known philosophers such as Kuhn, Popper, Feyerabend and Lakatos consists of observation, hypothesis, experimentation and verification. As astrology focuses on observing the location of the sun and the planets as well as their effect on people, which is the basis of astrological charts and readings it clearly satisfies the first condition. When an astrologist makes a chart of someones birth and makes reading upon that of how their life will be like, that is a hypothesis. The subject living his or her life is the experiment and at the end of their life they can verify whether or not the reading came true. Verification is strongly focused on the results not falsifying the hypothesis but even for lack of that, does an experiment falsifying the hypothesis make it unscientific? High school chemist ry experiments were still science experiments even if the results were not what we expected to them to be. Thus we can say, yes astronomy does follow the scientific method, although through experiments such as one conducted by a French psychologist Michel Gauquelin, where he sent the horoscope of a criminal to roughly 150 people as their horoscope and 94% believed it fit them1, we can see that actual verification may be something difficult to achieve when it comes to astrology, most likely because of how vague and all encompassing the readings prove to be. To some of us, the fact that astrology doesnt make sense in that there are no physical forces in play from planets millions of miles away is enough to declare astrology a pseudoscience. However, as is pointed out by various astrologists, Einsteins theory of curved space seemed absurd until it was proven true and many similarly absurd proposals are still considered science. Philosophers through the ages have also debated (although mostly just agreed) that astronomy is a pseudoscience. One of the most famous demarcations of science is Karl Poppers theory of falsifiability; however astrology cant be classified be a pseudoscience using this. Thagard brought up the points very well in his article Why is astrology a pseudoscience that Popper himself said that no observation ever guarantees falsification because the hypotheses can always be changed and thus falsification can only be a category if a better theory is invented2. Thus although no hypotheses made by astrologists can convince them that astrology doesnt work, astrology can technically be replaced by a modern day Ptolemy- maybe the composition of the planets affect us instead of the gods that rule them or something and thus is falsifiable. Speaking of the gods however, therein lays one of the greatest weak points that show astrology as something that isnt very scientific. Science is the same through all languages, hydrogen is still an atom made of a proton no matter whether its name is in English or Chinese. The planets, named after Greek gods are not the same across languages yet names of things appear to be of the utmost importance to astrologers. Venus who is named after the goddess of love deals with the emotional side of things while Mars is the god of war and thus if youre born under the house of Mars you will be evil,  warlike and contentious because of [your] choleric nature3. Even more worrisome is that the 12 zodiac constellations arose from the Babylonians around the same time the Chinese and Hindus had 28 constellations. Furthermore, the names of the constellations appear to also affect people who are born when theyre in the sky, for example people that are born when the sun is in the quadrant of the sky where Aries the Ram is are supposed be aggressive and assertive like the animal itself. This leads us to the various marks of pseudoscience that D. and M. Radner have set out of which being able to satisfy any one of these conditions is considered to be unscientific4. Anachronistic Thinking Their first demarcation refers to reverting to age old theories that once held fruition in the past. Astrology is a fairly age old theory that was the origins of astronomy whereby in the past astrologers were also astronomers and observed the movements of the planets and the stars. As the correlations of the position of the planets and stars appear to have been passed down from the beginning of astrology from observations made on how the planets affect people from thousands of years B.C., this does seem to apply. Furthermore the moon and the sun are still considered planets in astrology and one would think if Astrology was kept up to date, that someone would have removed them from the equation. In comparison, in order to see the effects of drugs on people we have textbooks which would have new editions every few years to show new findings and remove findings that have been proven false. The main textbook of astrology is still Ptolemys  Tetrabiblos  which was written in 200 AD. In Thagards article Why astrology is a pseudoscience Thagard also proclaims that astrology is uncritical and unprogressive because it never tries to solve unsolved problems like what happens in natural disasters where people with many difference charts, star signs, houses all die in the same way2. Looking for mysteries While astrology does not appear to be deal with mysteries of human experience such as UFOs, there are many mysteries associated with something that is supposed to be scientific. If one were to look up the chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen, one would find the same answer from any knowledgeable chemist. If one were to ask 10 different astrologers for their horoscope, one would find many different readings which opens the questions as to which reading is the correct reading. For example a collaboration of studies show that in a group of 559 astrologers when 5- 30 of them are asked to agree or disagree with a given reading of 762 different birth charts, most of them cant even agree that each chart means the same thing. Appeals to Myths Astrology does not actually appeal to myths, instead a quick browse of the Journal of Astrology website would show that it does appeal to old readings that have come true6, namely those made to estimate political outcomes and lives and deaths. However, absent on the site are indication of the numbers or examples of death predictions that have not come true. The grab-bag approach to evidence Astrology does appear to favour large amounts of evidence in that astrologers refer to how many readings in the past have come true (disregarding those that havent) and this method is helped along through the popularity of daily horoscopes in our newspapers whereby every horoscope can most likely correspond to every person. In fact the collaboration of 54 studies that have tested astrologers by giving them charts and telling them to match their owners showed that the average rate of success was the same as if you or I randomly matched them. Irrefutable Hypotheses While astrology is not irrefutable there are many ways and loopholes which allow it to never reach that point. For example, if a reading is wrong a) the person taking the reading could be deluding themselves and really are what the reading says b) the astrologer could have read it wrong c) The person lied about their location of birth and time d) this particular astrologer made it up but the next may make a true reading. The list of possible causes for already vague readings to be wrong that doesnt disprove astrology in any way can go on and on as there is no possible control to be tested (i.e. someone who isnt under the influence of the stars). It is because of the ease at which these wrong hypothesises can be explained and are explained that causes Popper to claim that astrology is irrational and Kuhn to claim it to be astrologys downfall when it comes to being a science as it means their results will never lead to any sort of further research or progression2,7. Argument from spurious similarity A mark of pseudoscience is that the pseudoscientific has a base of principles which are already part of legitimate science. Astrology definitely has a basis in astronomy however there was once a time where astronomy was based on astrology and the star charts and movements of planets used in astrology would coincide with those used in astronomy. Explanation by scenario Astrology uses its own laws to explain different readings and conclusions. For example Uranus is likely a cooling planet due to its modern rulership of Saturns traditional sign Aquarius . These rules and laws most likely originated from original scientific observations of the ecliptic rotations of the planets when it was believed that everything revolved around the earth (seeing as the moon and the sun were classified as planets) and then further built upon with various theories from the Gods they are named after, for example Jupiter is the chief of the gods and thus can rule over other gods. Research of Exegesis Astrologers are selective in their use of scientific research, they do not as many pseudo scientists do, which is to simply take science as statements instead of looking for the reasoning and facts beneath but they do not take into account all scientific research either. For example Michel Gauquelin in an experiment found that there is a greater than chance association of people who are born under Saturns rising or zenith to be scientists and that example may be used by astrologers as a scientific experiment that supports astrology. However, experiments looking at horoscopes of twins born in the same location and at the same time with drastically different futures lay hidden beneath the carpet. Refusal to revise in light of criticism This mark of pseudoscience is something that relates greatly to astrology. Because the Earth is not perfectly spherical, the axis of the earth tilts back and forth in a 26000 year cycles and due to this, the quadrants the constellations occupy in the sky no longer befit with that of when astrology charts were created thousands of years ago. This is called precession and is a problem that astrologers are yet to answer especially since they continue to make predictions as if the constellations still occupy the same part of the sky they use to. Furthermore with the invention of modern day hospitals and caesarean births that causes the time of birth to be different by many hours and sometimes preserves a baby that would have otherwise died, there presents lots of problems with something that is calculated from ones birth time. Apart from fore filling many of the marks of pseudoscience D. and M. Radner have listed, astrology is a topic that has been criticized by many philosophers. Diesing pointed out that astrologers do not collaborate with other scientists like many of the sciences do8, Feyerabend compared it to medieval astronomy whereby it had interesting ideas but they werent developed through any kind of proper research in order to understand how it worked9. Grey in a summarization points out that astrology has a lack of controls and has ill defined concepts that cant be refined and are hard to test10. Most of these philosophers seem to agree that while science is continuously being challenged by anomalies, new theories and results which allow it to progress; astronomy tends to reject these occurrences and thus becomes stagnant. Criticism for astrology does not only stop here even as far back as 44 BC there existed documented criticism against astrology and example of this would be the critique written by Marcus Tullius Cicero who was a Roman statesman. One of his best points was that people do not expect childrens personality or behaviours to be affected by the weather conditions in which they are born and these conditions obviously have by far more effects on a person than dim lights which shine in the sky. He continues that even if children born in the month of December were in some way to be similar how would one know it is not because they were born in cold weather as opposed to the sun rising while a constellation is in the sky11?   This was a very valid point at the time when it was written and thinking along the same lines creates a variety of problems which would be difficult for an astrologist to answer such as why doesnt the amount and gender of people in the immediate vicinity of the baby being born affect the babys personality instead of the stars. Conclusion While it is clear that astrology is a pseudoscience as described by many famous philosophers like Thagard, Kuhn and Feyerabend, I propose that astronomy ought to be classified as something that is not science as opposed to fake science. Because astrology was the origins of astronomy and thus is somewhat intimately connected with science and yet so obviously not scientific, there has been much debate as to its status. However, I would like to point out that it is the scientists who are concerned with the accuracy and effectiveness of the tests conducted on astrology and that, astrologists, while being dismissive of all negative results and findings are really more concerned with the satisfaction of those that seek their wisdom. Rather, astronomy is really more like a religion where people have faith in things that cannot be seen and is rather successful at making people feel connected to society. It provides a way for us to describe ourselves and realize qualities in ourselves and gen erally there are fairly little negative impacts in believing in something like astrology (apart from maybe an unhappy boy who you dont want to date because hes Aquarius). Even better, while it affords the same degree of actual use as a placebo, tests for the accuracy of astrology show as much or as little result as tests for the effectiveness of prayers and instead of having to pay weekly to fund the Church, all you have to do is get your chart made once and from then on, are able to blame the stars for your failings. As Leahey and Leahey said, astrology provides a means for pursuit of happiness and is in a way like a cheap method of psychology where you can discover yourself while letting the stars take the blame for any bad attributes you have and yet be comforted at the same time since there is no God to judge you at the end.

The Significance of Gender Roles in Shakespeares The Taming of the Shr

Gender roles are undeniably a fundamental topic of critique in literature, particularly since expected gender roles have evolved in recent years. More importantly, the transcendence of these gender expectations indicates the possibility for transformation and increasing liberation in society. History explores many different stages for the sexes and their respective roles, from traditional anti-feminist times in which certain roles were strictly enforced, to more modern beliefs entailing free will and a lack of restrictions. In spite of this progress, there are always those who expedite the process while there are others that hinder development from occurring, even when it is necessary. Literary works in particular serve as a showcase for the progression of gender roles, but nonetheless reveal that through time certain elements remain consistent. Two authors who wrote in radically different time periods, William Shakespeare and Lorraine Hansberry, wrote plays that pose a threat to expected and traditional gender roles. The Taming of the Shrew (1623) is an example of an earlier work, which involves characters that manage to defeat their expected roles by acting out of the ordinary. A shrew, which is literally defined as either a small rodent-like animal or a woman with a harsh and nagging temperament (American Heritage Dictionary 1285), is used in reference to Katherine, the daughter of Baptista, who counters the expectation of women to act submissive by being loud and outspoken. In the end, even though Katherine seems to have submitted herself to society’s expectation of women, she is really only conforming in order to benefit her social role, since she realizes that accepting her role in society will be easier than counteri... ...ple are cruel, she still has big dreams of going to Africa with Asagai and becoming a doctor. In their plays, Shakespeare and Hansberry share a common element, which seems to say that some things, such as society and its expectations, are timeless. Society sets up expectations that are accepted and preferable to other members of society, and Katherine and Beneatha serve not only to demonstrate this ideology but also to argue against it and draw attention to the perpetual gender expectation of society. Works Cited Hartwig, Joan. â€Å"Horses and Women in The Taming of the Shrew†. 45. 4. (1982:Autumn): 285- 294. Newman, Karen. â€Å"The Taming of the Shrew A Modern Perspective†. 229-238. â€Å"Shrew†. American Heritage Dictionary. 4th ed. 2002. Wilkerson, Margaret B. â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun: Anniversary of an American Classic†. 38.2. (1986: Dec): 441-453.

Mountains: A road to recreation

â€Å"Chasing angels or feeling demons, go to mountains† said by Jeffrey Rasley. The word recreation means refreshment of health or spirits by relaxation and enjoyment. In other sense refreshment of one’s mind and body. Pakistan is a God gifted land. There are many breathtaking landscapes present in it. The land of Pakistan is known as the land of adventures and nature. Beside, Murree, there are many hill stations and resorts such as in the places like Swat, Kalam , and Hunza Vellay. So, I agree with the statement that mountains are use for recreation. Firstly, for recreational purpose, mountains are use for hiking. Mountaineering was introduced in eighteen century by intellectuals such as scientists and philosophers. They climb on mountains for research purposes. At that time â€Å"Chamonix† which is located in France, became the attracting point for many hikers. Especially Mount Blanc, which had an elevation of about sixteen thousand feet. After half of the eighteen century, British hikers started to hike on Swiss mountains with their guides. These guides were from different countries such as from Switzerland, Italy, and France. After Alpes, in late nineteen century, hikers started to hike on Andes mountain ranges which are located in South America. By the advent of twentieth century, hikers came to hike Himalayas which are also located in Pakistan. In Himalayas ranges, the highest peak is K2 which has an elevation of about twenty eight thousand feet. Now in twenty first century, hiking become very common in our society. First of all, some people hike on mountain as for fun. But after words they chose mountain hiking as their profession. For instance Conrad Kein is one of them. Bachendri Pal who is first Indian women to climb on Mount Everast. She conquered Mount Everst peak on twenty third May, 1984. Secondly, for recreational purpose, people use to prefer mountainous areas for visiting. People also used to come on mountains for camping. In Pakistan, Swat valley is known as â€Å"Mini Switzerland†. Where everywhere, you will see greenry. This valley is also more fertile as compared to other northern areas of Pakistan. So, for attracting people, government has built different places for recreation, such as museum, golf course, and parks. Local people also made restaurants in hilly areas. In swat museum, you can see the things of second century BC. Especially, the crafts of Mauryan Emporer. In Murree , there is Ayubia park which is named after our first military dictator General Ayub Khan. In that park, there is chair lift, that’s why it is very famous. Thirdly, the people of plain areas used to go to mountainous areas for relaxing their selves. So, in Murree, you will hardly find any place in restaurants especially in summer vocations. In that period of three to four months, some hotel owners are not good enough because they charge more. So, in that response Kalam Hotel Association General Sectery Rahuet Din Siddique said in a statement that â€Å" his union would take action against those hotel owners who had been fleecing visitors by demanding high prices†. But this is the dilemma of our people that we always think that how to flatter others. Fourthly, in Pakistan, there are also worth seeing places such as Kashmir which is a mountainous area and is known as â€Å"Paradise†. The Great Mughal King Shah Jahan said â€Å"If there is heaven anywhere on earth that is the Kashmir†. So, he was the first to say it as a Heaven. Concordia is known as the ‘paradise of mountaineers’ which is present in north of Pakistan and is close to China boarder. Concordia is a chain of fourteen mountains and highest mountain is K2 which has an elevation of about eighty six hundred meter and is also known as world’s second highest mountain. The locals named K2 as â€Å"Choghori†. The name Concordia derived from the Latin word which means ‘harmony with the heart’. People used to visit in these places for recreation. Due to the poor securitization of Pakistan, people are scared to visit these places. In recent incidence in which eleven mountaineers are killed by terrorist. One mountaineer was left alive in the incidence. She said that she was not scared and she is full determined for expedition of Nanga Parbat. And she said in a statement that she will come next year. In response to that statement , the ACP President Col Manzoor Hussain said â€Å" we apologize to you that our government failed to protect the lives of your team members†. Although, the indigenous of mountainous areas are known for their hospitality. Visitors are welcomed by these people open heartedly. But due to security lapse, people are scared and they want protection from government. So, government should take action against terrorists. In short, mountaineering is very famous all over the world. People use to go on mountain areas throughout the whole year. In summer season, people go on mountains for recreation in order to see the beauty and nature. This time the temperature is moderate. In winter season, people use to go on mountainous areas for skating etc. But unfortunately, people are refused to go on these areas just because of poor security. As, Pakistan is fighting war on terror, so , people are scared to go. At last, if we go through the context of Pakistan, many tourist from all over the globe attract towards the scenic beauty of these mountain. K2 is famous in this regard.

After meeting Romeo at the ball Essays

After meeting Romeo at the ball Essays After meeting Romeo at the ball Essay After meeting Romeo at the ball Essay There was another street brawl this morning with us and the Montagues but this doesnt matter any more. Today was a wonderful day. The invites were sent for my fathers party.Romeo and his friends entered our party unnoticed by my family. I danced with Romeo and fell in love immediately but then my mother parted us and made me dance with Paris.I havent seen him since and am missing him already.Later in the evening, after the party had finished, I was talking quietly to myself wondering where my Romeo was, declaring my love for him. Then he appeared out of the trees, in the orchard, in front of me. We declared our love for each other, then I realised he was in great danger. If any of my kinsmen saw him they would have killed him on the spot. We arranged a secret marriage tomorrow in Friar Lawrences cell as Romeo is a Montague, my enemy.MONDAY Romeo killed Tybalt 1 Hour after our weddingI sent my nurse with a message to Romeo in the morning, saying we shall marry today. Our marriage too k place in the afternoon; now I can be with my Romeo for ever and ever.Tybalt saw Romeo, still angry from seeing him at the party and he tried to start a fight. Romeo said he could not hurt him but he could not say why. Brave Mercutio, Romeos best friend stood up to Tybalt and fought. Romeo tried to break up the fight but Tybalt stabbed Mercutio under Romeos arm. Romeo felt guilty and fought with Tybalt. Romeo killed Tybalt and then realised what hed done. He ran away into hiding. When the prince arrived, he banished Romeo from Verona forever.My Romeo killed my dear cousin Tybalt, but I know Romeo didnt want to, but had no choice. Tybalt can be like that some times. I dont know what to do; my husband has killed my cousin. I am relieved that Romeo is still alive. I dont know what I would have done if anything had a happened to my Romeo. I am horrified though my Romeo is banished from Verona for ever. It is worse than everyone I know being killed.I want to see my Romeo one final time and sure enough later that night he arrived. We spent the night together.TUESDAY I refused to marry ParisRomeo left at dawn. My mother paid me a visit and talked to me about marriage, I said Mother it is an honour I dream not of.My father entered and told me I was going to marry Paris and the wedding was in a few days. I completely refused and my father verbally assaulted me. He was furious and he threatened to abandon me.I looked to my mother, she took my fathers side and ignored me. My nurse was all for the wedding with Paris as well. I decided to pay Friar Lawrence a visit, as I was already married and I would be committing bigamy.Paris means nothing to me but Romeo means everything.TUESDAY Friar Lawrence gives me a solutionI went over to Friar Lawrences cell seeking advice and he gave me a solution to my problem.A special potion that would make me seem dead for the next 42 hours. The potion would stop me breathing and stop my pulse I would collapse and my body temperature woul d drop. My family would find me and think I was dead, the wedding with Paris would be cancelled and I would be rid of him and my family.Meanwhile, Friar Lawrence would send a message to my Romeo informing him of the situation. I would be buried in the family vault and Romeo would come back to Verona and we would run away when I woke up. We will be together for ever and no-one will know anything about it.Just before bed I will take the potion.But I am unsure about the potion What if it doesnt work? What if I never wake up? Im scared.

Lexeme - Definition, Etymology and Examples

Lexeme s In linguistics, a lexeme is the fundamental unit of the lexicon (or word stock) of a language. Also known as a  lexical unit,  lexical item,  or  lexical word. In corpus linguistics, lexemes are commonly referred to as lemmas. A lexeme is oftenbut not alwaysan individual word (a simple lexeme or dictionary word, as its sometimes called). A single dictionary word (for example, talk) may have a number of inflectional forms or grammatical variants (in this example, talks, talked, talking). A multiword (or composite) lexeme is a lexeme made up of more than one orthographic  word, such as a phrasal verb (e.g., speak up;  pull through), an open compound (fire engine;  couch potato), or an idiom (throw in the towel;  give up the ghost). The way in which a lexeme can be used in a sentence is determined by its word class or grammatical category. Etymology From the Greek, word, speech Examples and Observations A lexeme is a unit of lexical meaning, which exists regardless of any inflectional endings it may have or the number of words it may contain. Thus, fibrillate, rain cats and dogs, and come in are all lexemes, as are elephant, jog, cholesterol, happiness, put up with, face the music, and hundreds of thousands of other meaningful items in English. The headwords in a dictionary are all lexemes.(David Crystal, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2003) Specifications of Lexemes [A] lexeme is a linguistic item defined  by the following specifications, which make up what is called the lexical entry for this item: its sound form and its spelling (for languages with a written standard);the grammatical category of  the lexeme (noun,  intransitive verb, adjective, etc.);its inherent grammatical properties (for some languages, e.g. gender);the set of grammatical forms it may take, in particular, irregular forms;its lexical meaning.These specifications apply to both simple and composite lexemes.(Sebastian Là ¶bner,  Understanding Semantics. Routledge, 2013) The Meanings of Lexemes Definitions are an attempt to characterize  the meaning or sense of a lexeme and to distinguish the meaning of the lexeme concerned from the meanings of other lexemes in the same semantic field, for example, the elephant from other large mammals. There is  a sense in which a definition characterizes the potential meaning of a lexeme; the meaning only becomes precise  as it is actualized in a context. Since the division of the meaning of a lexeme into senses is based on the variation of meaning perceived  in different contexts, a tension exists in lexicography between the recognition of separate senses and the potentiality of meaning found in definitions. This may well account in large part for the divergence  between  similar-sized dictionaries in the number of senses recorded and in consequent differences of definition.(Howard Jackson and  Ã¢â‚¬Å½Etienne Zà © Amvela,  Words, Meaning and Vocabulary: An Introduction to Modern English Lexicology, 2nd ed. Continuum, 200 5) Invariable and Variable Lexemes In many cases, it makes no difference whether we take a syntactic or a lexical perspective. Lexemes such as the and and are invariable, i.e., there is only one word corresponding to each. Also invariable are lexemes like efficiently: although more efficiently is in some respects like harder, it is not a single word, but a sequence of two, and hence efficiently and more efficiently are not forms of a single lexeme. Variable lexemes, by contrast, are those which have two or more forms. Where we need to make clear that we are considering an item as a lexeme, not a word, we will represent it in bold italics. Hard, for example, represents the lexeme which has hard and harderand also hardestas its forms. Similarly are and is, along with be, been, being, etc., are forms of the lexeme be. . . . A variable lexeme is thus a word-sized lexical item considered in abstraction from grammatical properties that vary depending on the syntactic construction in which it appears.(Rodney Huddleston and G eoffroy Pullum, The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. Cambridge University Press, 2002) Pronunciation: LECK-seem

Strategic Marketing of The North Face Case Study

Strategic Marketing of The North Face - Case Study Example The company obtains a competitive position of the market and a strong band image. Its innovations and product development strategies support its further growth and open new market opportunities. When product life cycles are short (or consumers demands are changed) technological improvement becomes an essential requirement of company strategy. The aim of strategic marketing is to meet the needs and expectations of customers, and the organization's ability and capacity to satisfy them. For this matching process to take place successfully, a company must understand who is the customer and what value is required, and how best to deliver this value on a sustainable basis in line with the organization's overall corporate objectives. The North Face is one of the companies which develops unique strategies and marketing approach in order to compete on the market and increase sales. The North Face is a specialty retailer which 'designed, manufactured and sold high quality outdoor equipment and clothing" (Mezzatesta and Cook 743). The mission of the North Face is to reach wider target market and expend its activities to new markets. The strategic aim is a continuous growth and expansion into new products. High quality is used as a strategic weapon and the aim of The North Face is to maintain high quality standards at costs lower than competitors. The current objective of the company is to find the best way to distribute the new skiwear line. Also, the objective is to remain a market leader and strengthen its dealer structure around the world. 3.2. External Environment The North Face operates on the dynamic market where the main objective is to maintain successful marketing communication strategies, implement high product quality and develop strategies to improve customer relations and manufacturing. The purpose of the North Face is to get and keep a customer proposing high quality innovative products. Political-legal forces acting upon the North Face allocate power and provide constraining and protecting laws and regulations. The company does not influenced greatly by political and legal changes. In spite of the fact that the North Face is a US-based company, it is affected by international trade regulations and laws. Environmental changes suggest that the opening up of the market and the resultant increased competition has widened the perspective of the planning framework with profound implications. Thus, the main threat for the North Face is that its competitors begin to copy its products. The social environment includes general forces that do n ot directly touch on the short. Economic forces regulate the exchange of materials, money, energy, and information. This environment proposes great challenges for the North Fac

Othello by William Shakespeare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Othello by William Shakespeare - Essay Example Outdoors, the cool autumn New York City air was tinged for a moment with the melancholy sounds of Billy Holliday belting out her first-hand impression of the ever-present scourge of lynching in the Deep South; painfully echoing through the words of a song she named Strange Fruit. Set in northern Italy during the late sixteen century, William Shakespeare's tragedy has never been able to avoid its powerful racial imagery. Perhaps that is as it was meant to be. However today, in such a multi-cultural and yet arguably still a rather segregated society, it is often difficult for Americans to truly gage racial sensibilities across several centuries and such wide bodies of water. When have we ever been able to gage an honest understanding of the true nature of racism within our own society So it is, that the best that we may hope to do is to put notions of racial antagonism and identity within the proper context of a prominent European city immersed within the waning years of the Italian Renaissance. Watching from the very first scene, as Iago appears to speak somewhat disparagingly of him as - 'The Moor', and Roderigo mocks his 'thick lips', what are we to make of the contemporary at